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LEARNING THEORIES, : : - Coggle Diagram
LEARNING THEORIES
BEHAVIOURISM
List View of Knowledge
• Miltenberg - Behaviour is what people say and do.
• Good and Brophy - The theory of behaviourism comcentrates on the study of overt behaviours that can be observed and measured.
List View of Learning
• Ivan Pavlov's most famous experiment involved a dog, food and a bell.
• In his experiment, before conditioning, ringing the bell caused no response from the dog.
• Placing food in front of the dog enabled it to salivate.
•During conditioning, the bell was rung a few seconds before the dog was presented with food.
• After conditioning, the ringing of the bell alone produced salivation.
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COGNITIVISM
List View of Knowledge
• Information processing leads to understanding and retention.
• Learning theory that focuses on the processes involved in learning rather than on the observed behavior.
• It focuses on how people think, how people understand, and how people know
List View of Learning
• The process of intellectual and cognitive developmenrt resembles a biological act, which requires adaptation to environmental demands.
•Viewed intellectual growth as a process of adaptation (adjustment) to the world. This happens through assimilation, accomodation and equilibration.
• Assimilation - Which is using an existing schema to deal with a new object or situation.
• Accomodation - This happens when the existing schema (knowledge) does not work, and needs to be changed to deal with a new object or situation.
• Equilibration - This is the force which moves development along. Piaget believed that cognitive development did not progress at a steady rate, but rather in leaps and bounds.
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CONSTRUCTIVISM
List View of Knowledge
• Learners communicate with each other, and share their understandings, feelings, knowledge, experience to come up with new knowledge.
List View of Learning
• Zone of Proximal Development - Describes skills that are difficult for children to master can be achieved with the help and guidance of more skilled adults or peers.
• Scaffolding - Modify the level of support provided and closely related to zone of proximal development.
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