Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Peripheral Vascular Disease - Coggle Diagram
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Pathophysiology/Causes
Systemic atherosclerosis causes narrowing of arteries and veins throughout the body due to a variety of factors (commonly buildup of fatty deposits)
Gradual increase in blood vessel occlusion, interfering with unidirectional flow and emptying of the deep veins
Persistent venous hypertension weakens structures causing incompetent valves, deep vein obstructions, and decreased skeletal muscular pump function
Lower extremities become increasingly unable to pump blood back to the heart, against gravity (standing) and with activity (walking)
Patient experiences pain due to too little blood flow to extremities (claudication).
Wound healing impairment due to decreased perfusion.
Thrombus due to pooling of blood
Blockages in arteries (limb ischemia)
Endothelial damage and inflammatory response in blood vessels
Labs/Diagnostics
Physical assessment of lower extremities
Ruling out other causes for leg pain
Ankle-Brachial (ABI) test
Imaging studies such as MRI, ultrasound, and angiogram
Lab tests including CBC, fasting glucose and lipids, creatinine, urinalysis for glucosuria and proteinuria
Symptoms
Leg pain
Pallor
Paresthesia
Paralysis
Weak or absent palpable pulse in legs
Poor wound healing
Venous ulcer development
Edema
Stasis dermatitis
Night pains
Collaborative Treatment
Reduce platelet aggregation to decrease risk of blot clots
Lifestyle modifications
Quit smoking
Healthy weight
Manage hypertension and diabetes
Decrease serum lipid levels
Regular exercise
Surgery
Stents, arterectomies, angioplasty, and bypass surgery.
Risk Factors
Smoking
Obesity
Diabetes
Family history/genetics
Hypertension
Hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia
Age 50+
Heart disease
Complications
Critical Limb Ischemia
Limb amputation
Heart damage leading to CAD, MI, and stroke
Tissue deterioration such as necrosis and gangrene