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NUR AZIANI SALIKIN SUHAIMI H18A0364 - Coggle Diagram
NUR AZIANI SALIKIN SUHAIMI H18A0364
A review of innovation research in tourism
YEAR 2014
Author (Anne-Mette Hjalager)
OBJECTIVE
-The purpose of this article is
to identify
literation tourism innovation, present the issues raised and their main conclusions
INNOVATION
is refer to the bringing any new , problem solving idea into use. Ideas for reorganizing , cutting cost, putting in new budgetary system improving communication or assembling product in team are also innovation.
DETERMINANTS AND DRIVING FORCES
➢ Entrepreneurship and innovation
➢ Technology-push/demand-pull
➢ Innovation systems
CATEGORIES OF INNOVATION
Product or services innovation
Process innovation
Managerial innovations
Management innovations
Institutional innovations
SEARCH PROCESSES AND KNOWLEDGE
SOURCES FOR INNOVATION
• Embedded knowledge
• Competence and resource-based
• Localised knowledge
• Research knowledge
• Research based knowledge
RESEARCH GAPS
Innovation processes
Driving forces
Barriers to tourism innovation
Innovation and economic performance
Technological innovations
Diffusion of innovation
The role of entrepreneurship
Policy studies and evaluations
Academia and innovation
Developing tourism innovation
theories
A Tool For Measurement of Innovation
Newness and Adoption in Tourism Firms
YEAR 2012
AUTHOR
- Dejan Krizaj,Andrej Brodnik and Boris Bukovec4
OBJECTIVE
= The purpose of this article is to investigate three research problem which is measurement of newness level and adoption of tourism innovation , defined of tourism innovation taxonomy and statistic analysis of innovation's adoption in tourism destination.
RESEARCH PROBLEM
➢ Newness level and adoption
➢ Taxonomy
➢ Statistical analysis
MEASUREMENT ISSUES PRESENTED
o Hidden nature of tourism innovation
o Innovation specific in every tourist activity on the individual firm level
o Measurement of firms of all sizes
o Possibility to compare innovation level in tourism among countries
o Record creation, stock and flow of internal and external knowlege
o Extract information for strategic decision making
o Classification of firms with similar innovation features
PILOT RESULTS AND TOOL VALIDATION
❖ Regional distribution of innovations
❖ The number of innovations per organization
❖ Distribution of innovations per type of organization
❖ Size and age trends
❖ Distribution of innovation categories
❖ Identification and classification of innovation
❖ Validate the developed tool
❖ Dendrograms and additive trees of firm's similarities in certain regions or tourism segments.
❖ Sub-tree of the most similar firms and their adapted innovations
AN INTEGRATED INNOVATION MODEL: HOW INNOVATIONS ARE BORN
AND WHAT ARE THEIR IMPACTS ON FIRM PERFORMANCE
AUTHOR
- Gurhan Gunday,Gunduz Ulusoy,Kemal Kilic and Lutfihak Alpkan
OBJECTIVE
- To present the comprehensive and integrated model of innovation at the firm characteristic on the innovation at the firm level and to discuss the effect of firm characteristics on the innovativeness capabilities of companies.
THE PURPOSE OF INNOVATION
To launch newness into the economic area.
Innovation can change of business process, services and product of the company that is under the presure.
Give opportunities to the firm to enter new markets and to provide enhanced competitive advantage in existing market.
INNOVATION TYPES
product innovation
process innovation
marketing innovation
organizational innovation
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
▪ Main finding about the drivers of innovativeness model
▪ Main findings about firm characteristic
▪ Main findings about the performance model of innovation
DETERMINANTS OF INNOVATION
general firm characteristics
organizational structure
its strategies
external conditions.
PERFORMANCE
innovative performance
market performance
production performance
Innovativeness in Tourism:
The Perception of Innovation Awards Participants
YEAR 2013
AUTHOR
- Anita Zehrer, Ph.D, Harald Pechlaner,Ph.D, Christopher Reuter
OBJECTIVE
- understanding the main influencing factors on innovativeness because understanding innovativeness has managerial implications for the tourism industry
Factors Influencing Innovativeness
Vision & Strategy
Harnessing the competence base
Organisational intelligance
Creativity and idea management
Organisation structure & systems
Culture and climate
Management of technology
INNOVATIVE BEHAVIOR IS FOR
:
studying the behaviour of the individual firm at a micro level
an innovation may be determined by scientific research resulting in the new technology
individual entrepreneurship
strategic decision and management
THE INNOVATION MANAGEMENT THAT INFLUENCED BY EXTERNAL FACTOR
political/legal
cultural
economic
ecological
technological factors
Internal Factors Influencing Innovativeness
entrepreneur
Managers from other industries
Access to capital market
R&D expenditure
Incentives for employees
Intrapreneurship
Entrepreneurs’ profit
Innovation friendly strategy
Corporate mindset
Employee qualifications
Company size
Market structure
Cross-industry networks
Networks within the tourism
Innovation support measures
Incentives from the destination