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Disability categories under IDEA - Cohort 4, Hearing Impairment by Oli,…

- - - - Muscular Dystrophy
    - - Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
      - Limb Leficiency
    - - Cerebral Palsy
      - Spina bifida
  - - - Devices for positioning
        
        Specialized Desks/Tables
        
        Specialized Chairs
      - Devices for mobility
        
        Crutches
        
        Wheelchairs
        
        Walkers
        
        Canes
      - Devices to access information
        
        Speech Recognition Software
        
        Screen Reading Software
        
        Augmentive and alternative communication devices
    - - Special seating arrangements
      - Awareness of specific condition and modifications around it(class movement, energy levels, etc)
      - Fine and gross motor skill development as part of curriculum
      - Adapted PE instruction
      - Access to physical and occupational therapists
      - Access to speech-Language Pathologists
- - - - Allow for Lip-Reading and allow for student to face the speaker
- - - - Common traits: hampered speech and communication skills, challenges with mobility, need for regular assistance
        
        Accommodations
        
        Assistive Technologies
        
        Text-to-speech technologies
        
        Dictation technologies
        
        Digital libraries for students with visual issues
        
        Audio-driven calculators
        
        Partial Participation: Students are not excluded from activities simply because they cannot participate fully
        
        IEP: Individualized Education Program
        
        Shadow Teacher / Paraprofessional
- - - - A screen reader/text-to-speech software: a software program that enables a blind or visually impaired user to read the text that is displayed on the computer screen with a speech synthesizer or braille display.
    - - Tactile graphics (for maps, graphs, diagrams, etc.)
    - - Talking calculators, thermometers, and other lab equipment
      - Talking dictionaries
      - Talking computers/notepads
- - - - Accommodations
        
        Medical services alongside school health and nurse services
        
        Conducting and/or promoting education and skills training for all who serve as caregivers
        
        Special education and related services (ages 3-21)
        
        Early intervention services (ages 0-3)
        
        IEP's
        
        Providing educational related services when child is hospitalized, sick at home or in recovery
        
        Supporting the transition process
    - - Accommodations and assistive technology
        
        Allow extra for completion of activities
        
        Teach students specific techniques for organizing thoughts and materials
        
        Have a daily and weekly schedule up and accessible
        
        Simplify steps and instructions
        
        Seat the student close to teacher and away from peers that may be distracting
        
        Keep routine and schedule as consistent as possible
        
        Low-tech devices to help record or organize tasks
- - - - Inability to build or maintain relationships
      - Unhappy or depressive mood
      - Inability to learn, working below grade level
      - Inappropriate behaviors - tantrums, aggression
      - Withdrawal - excessive fear or anxiety
- - - - Physical Classroom Accommodation
        
        Good Lighting
        Comfortable lighting with no glares or exposures
        
        Classroom Space
        Allow space for an interpretor / guide dog in a classroom
        
        Alternative seating arrangement
        Seating arrangement for active participation in the classroom
      - Use of Student Aids
        
        Assistive Listening Devices ADL (Assistive Technology)
        A microphone worn by the teacher to increase the volume for the student listening in the lesson. ADL can also be used in small group setting for clarity of many voices.
        
        Interpretors
        Interpretors can be used to communicate with other students or to transfer information from the teacher. Interpretation can be done visually, orally or tactually depending on the student's needs.
        
        Notetakers
        Notetakes can provide information to the student in writing or in Braille.
        
        Readers
        Students with some hearing can use Readers to read books or materials for them.
    - - understand student's way of communication
      - Adapt to the student's needs
      - Use 5 senses for student's learning
      - allow more time to understand
      - Give frequent feedback
    - - Visual Disabilities
        
        Screen Readers: for speech translation
        
        Braille Displays: translates digital text into Braille
        
        Dictation Software: navigates websites using voice
      - Hearing Disabilities
        
        Telecommunications: amplified phones or video chat
        
        Visual Communications: captions and transcripts
        
        Enhanced Listening: connect audio into hearing aid
        
        Alerting Devices: converts audio to visual alerts
- - - - Lip reading during lectures or class.
      - Seating at the front of the classroom can enable a child to lip read more effectively
      - Child could receive assistance from a note taker
      - Teachers using PowerPoint presentations to accompany the lectures also can help children.
      - Using the 'Text-to-speech' assistive technology offers a deaf student the ability to share comments with the class.
      - When watching educational films, enabling captions
      - References:(2013, August 10). Definition of "Deafness" Under IDEA: Resources for Parents & Teachers. Retrieved October 26, 2020, from https://www.specialeducationguide.com/disability-profiles/deafness/
- - - - Tier-1 adopting effective teaching；making adjustment in the instruction
      - Tier-3 individual education plans
        discuss with parents；
        corresponding teaching strategies
        conduct regular review
      - Tier-2 small group learning support
    - - speech therapist
      - Arrange educational psychologist
- - - - Articulation Disorder
        
        Errors in the production of sounds that might be related to
        anatomical or physiological limitations.
        
        Fluency Disorders
        
        Difficulties with speaking, timing of speech.
        rhythm.Characteristics such as stuttering
        
        Voice Disorders
        
        Quality or use of the voice
  - - - Teaching Strategies
        
        Speech pathologist
        
        Helping with articulation disorders.
        
        Voice disorders
        
        Enhancing Communication effectiveness
        
        Collaboration with several different disciplinary teams.
    - - http://www.projectidealonline.org/v/speech-language-impairments/