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Resource Management, Definition - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Financial, resources are the means of supply and support that assist school managers in the achievement of goals and consist of money, time, material resources and human skills. Managing a school's finances and resources effectively require:
        
        a clear vision of where the school should be going, based on a particular philosophy and certain sets of values;
        
        a focus on results, matching achievements against cost; critical and analytical approaches to issues and problems; and
      - What is good financial management?
        
        The responsibility of the governing body, its committees (especially the financial committee), the principal and staff are clearly defined and the limits of delegated authority are established.
        
        The budget reflects the school's prioritized educational objectives, seeks to achieve value for money and is subjected to regular, effective monitoring
        
        The school establishes sound internal financial controls to ensure the reliability and accuracy of its financial transactions.
        
        The school is adequately insured against exposure to risks.
        
        If the school uses computers for administrative purposes, all data is protected against loss.
        
        The school ensures that purchasing arrangements achieve the best value for money. Control mechanisms are in place to ensure that authorisation must be given for all purchases.
        
        There are sufficient procedures for the administration of
        personnel matters.
        
        Stocks, stores and other assets are recorded, and adequately safeguarded against loss or theft. Asset registers are maintained. recorded and banked promptly.
        
        All income due to the school is identified and all collections are receipted,
        
        The school controls the operation of the bank account properly and
        reconciles bank balances with the accounting records.
        
        The school controls the use of petty cash. The imprest system of funding
        petty cash items is one way of controlling petty cash
        
        School voluntary funds are administered as rigorously as public funds
- - - - Several research studies on school governance observed that SGBs of historically disadvantaged public schools experienced serious problems in handling school finances, and managing
        physical assets and educational resources. Most of the SGBs were found to be unproductive and
        lacked the necessary financial and managerial expertise to manage their schools’ resources and
        funds (Mabasa and Themane, 2002: 112; Bush, 2004: 12; Heystek, 2004: 309; Ngidi, 2004:
        260; Govender, 2005: 13)
        
        Reasons research have found why SA SGB's fail:
        
        mistrust and conflict between the parent members and the principal or school management
        teams (SMTs);
        
        inadequate training for SGBs;
        
        high turnover of governors; and
        
        illiteracy or apathy of parent members of SGBs
        
        power play among role players.
        
        SGBs in historically disadvantaged schools usually burdened principals by compelling them to take complete custody of school governance to the detriment of the principals’ professional duties (Heystek, 2004: 310; Naidu et al., 2008). I
  - - - Technology: This refers to the plant and the processes that go with it. In the case of a school,
        the latter refers to the process of education while the former refers to classrooms, workshops, storerooms, and management information systems.
      - People: The SGB, SMT, teachers, learners, parents, and non-teaching staff are all role players directly involved in either selecting, financing and utilizing the resources.
      - Structure: an organization’s hierarchical chart, committees, departments, and procedures.
        The SGB, finance committee and SMT are core school structures for managing resources.
      - Culture: This covers such intangibles as an organization’s tone and value system, the standard by which merit is judged, human social activities that continuously recreate social
        structures, and relationships (Giddens, 1986: 15).
  - - - It will give a detailed strategy of how to deal with the management of physical and other educational resources
      - it will facilitate decision making of physical resource management on an ongoing basis.
      - This team should be encouraged to take on leadership roles in school governance
    - - governing body member as chairperson
      - a senior general assistant as a hands-on staff member
      - the finance officer (bookkeeper)
      - a senior SMT member
      - a technical person from the school or community with knowledge about buildings and equipment for guidance on technical matters. The best people (people who at least have some governance and management experience,
        and knowledge of legislation pertaining to school matters)
- - - - The need to apply Human resources management in schools is significantly recognized. Human resources in school are plenty. Hence, it becomes very important to effectively manage them. This is where HR team plays an important role. Human resources management can help in increasing student performance. This happens due to the involvement and motivation of the teachers. Furthermore, human resource management also tries to make teachers more efficient. Efficient teachers help in better development of students.
      - Attention is also given hiring and retaining the best principal and business staff. These people are responsible for the administration of the school. So an efficient human resource management system would mean an efficient administration.
      - Any problems between teachers are readily met due to human resources management. Proper training of teachers happens due to HRM. HRM pays attention to any short-comings of students. The HR team identifies the reason for this. Once identified, trained teachers can then handle the problem.
    - - Recruitment and Hiring
        
        These are the most important decisions made by the schools. The hiring process should take place before the new term.
        
        The important things to consider here
        
        Develop a position description. It should be accurate and well written. This description helps to clarify the skills, knowledge, and experience needed.
        
        Advertise the position. Choose a media like newspaper, magazine, electronic media.
        
        Receive and screen applications to choose suitable candidates.
        
        Conduct interviews with suitable candidates to make a selection decision.
      - Talent management
        
        The HR team finds out the opportunities and challenges for the school. Hence, the preparation of human resources takes place accordingly in this way.
      - Compensation
        
        This means to manage the payroll of the school. The HR team decides about the salary of teachers/staff. Furthermore, human resources get salary according to the level of work. For example, a principal should receive more salary than a teacher.
      - Performance management
        
        This is yet another important part of HRM in schools. This is because good performance is very important. So, the performance of teachers/students comes into view. Here performance scoring system is present. The improvement of performance takes place in many ways.
      - Training and Development
        
        HR team must provide training to teachers to improve them. In this way, they can impart education in a better way. Teachers must reach full development level. This will be beneficial for students. Also, the training of the staff takes place.
      - Retention
        
        Teachers and staff morale should always be high. The HR team should motivate them. Retaining a happy employee will probably be easier. Unhappy employees are likely to leave.