Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Solid State, Imperfections in Solids, Diamond 1) Arrangement (shape) and…

- - - - 3D Close packing using square 2D structure:
        1) Draw a rough diagram. (How are the layers arranged w.r.t to each other?
        2) Represent the arrangement using letters (E.g. BABA, etc...)
        3) What type of lattice does it form?
        4) Name its unit cell
      - 3D Close packing using hexagonal 2D structure:
        1) Types of arrangements:(2)
        2) In each type, how are the 2nd and 3rd layers arranged (represent it with letters also)?
        3) What and how are the different voids formed?
        4)Why are they called like that?
        5) Examples of the metals which have these arrangements.
        6) What is the unit cell in each packing and calculate the no. of atoms in each.
        6) What is the relation between the no. of atoms and the no. of each of these voids in a unit cell (relation same but magnitude different in both arrangements)? :star:
        7) Try and find out how we reached the above number.(Draw the diagram of unit cell and locate these voids)
        8) What is the coordination number of each atom in both arrangements.
        9) How much space(%) is filled in these crystals ?(NCERT)?
- - - - 1) Ionic solids:
        i) What are the constituent particles?
        ii) What are the forces between them?
        iii) Nature of these solids (hardness, texture and melting point, enthalpies of vaporization)
        iv) Peculiar nature of electrical and thermal conductivity in these solids
        v) Examples.
      - 2) Metallic Solids:
        i) What are the constituent particles?
        ii) What are the forces between them?
        iii) Nature of these solids (hardness, texture and melting point, enthalpies of vaporization).
        iv) Thermal and electrical conductivity
        iv) Special properties like - malleability, ductility, metallic lustre is due to?
        v) Examples.
      - 3) Covalent Solids
        i) What are the constituent particles?
        ii) What are the forces between them?
        Note: These bonds are strong and DIRECTIONAL.
        iii) Nature of these solids (hardness, texture and melting point, enthalpies of vaporization)
        iv) Thermal and electrical conductivity
        v) Examples.
      - 4) Molecular Solids:
        i) What is the Anshu Sir secret that makes molecular solids different from covalent solids?
        ii) Types(3):
        a) What are the forces of attraction between each?
        b) Nature: ( Conductivity, M.P and B.P and enthalpy of vaporization)
        c) Examples
        Note: What are the 3 molecules that can form Hydrogen bonds with H?
- - - - 1) Paramagnetic:
        i) Why does magnetic property arise in this type?
        ii) In which direction are they magnetized? Are they attracted or repelled?
        iii) Will they become permanent magnets?
        iv) Examples
      - 2) Diamagnetic:
        i) Why are they not magnetized?
        ii) In which direction are they magnetized? Are they attracted or repelled?
        iii) Examples
      - Ferromagnetic
        1) Why are they strongly magnetized?(domain theory)
        2) Will they become permanent magnets?
        3) In which direction are they magnetized? Are they attracted or repelled?
      - Antiferromagnetic
        1) Why are they not magnetized?(domain theory)
        2) Examples
      - Ferrimagnetic
        1) Why are they weakly attracted?(domain theory)
        2) Examples
        3) What happens if they are heated?
- - - - Metal Deficiency Defect
        1) Definition
        2) FeO example.(What is the range of Fe2+ in a metal deficient FeO.
        3) How are these lost Fe ions compensated?
        4) FeO mass% sum in pg 39
      - Metal Excess Defect
        1) An excess of metal can occur in 2 ways. What are they?
        2) Give examples of each and how we can create them
        3) Also state the movement of the cations, anions and e- and what spaces they occupy. :star:
        4) What are F centers? Why are they an important part of the physical property of the solid?
        5) State the colours of NaCl, LiCl and KCl.
    - - For Ionic Compounds
        
        1) Why do ionic compounds not show the above 2 defects individually?
        2) What are the 2 defects seen here?
        3) Frenkel Defect:
        i) Explain how this defect occurs?
        ii) Does it look like 2 defects occurring simultaneously?
        iii) What is it also called? (related to sprain)
        iv) What is the main condition for this defect to occur. Give examples.
        v) Does it change the density of the solid?
        4) Schottky Defect:
        i) Explain this defect
        ii) Are the no. of cations and anions equal?
        iii) Does it change the density of the solid?
        (Note: This is more common than Frenkel)
        iv) NaCl example and conclusions.
        v) What is the main condition for this defect to occur. Give examples.
        vi) Special Property of AgBr
      - For Non-Ionic compounds
        
        1)What are the 2 types of defects seen here?
        2) Explain what happens in each.
        3) How does it affect the density of the solid?
        3) How does vacancy defect arise mainly?