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Functions of Stomach - Coggle Diagram

- - - - with gastric juice
        is performed by gastric motility
        until it forms
        a semisolid paste known as
        chyme.
      - 3.Slow emptying of food
        
        into duodenum
        occurs to provide proper time
        for
        digestion and absorption
        by small intestine.
- - - - depends on the action of
        salivary amylase,
        which remains active
        until halted by the low pH of stomach.
      - Protein digestion:
        
        About 10%
        of ingested protein is broken down
        completely in the stomach.
        
        Gastric pepsin
        facilitates later digestion of
        protein by breaking protein into peptone.
        
        Fat digestion
        
        is minimal
        due to the restriction of
        gastric lipase activity to triglycerides containing short chain (<10 carbon) fatty acids.
        Acid and pepsin break emulsions so that fats coalesce into droplets,
        which float and empty last.
- - - - Certain alkaloids, such as morphine.
- - - - Very little absorption of nutrients takes place in the stomach.
        The only substances absorbed to any appreciable extent are:
        
        highly lipid-soluble substances
        (e.g. the nonionized triglycerides of
        acetic, propionic and butyric acids).
        
        Aspirinat gastric pH is nonionized
        and fat soluble and
        after absorption it ionizes intracellularly, damaging mucosal cells and ultimately producing bleeding.
      - Ethanol
        
        is absorbed rapidly in proportion to its concentration.
        
        Water absorption.
        
        Intrinsic factor
        
        released from gastric glands helps in absorption of
        vitamin B12 from the small intestine.
        
        Water moves in both directions across the gastric mucosa.
        It does not, however, follow osmotic gradients. Water soluble
        substances, including
        Na+ , K+ , glucose and amino acids, are absorbed in
        insignificant amounts.