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Salivary Glands, pH: - Coggle Diagram
Salivary Glands
Innervation
1 Efferent nerve supply
-
- Parasympathetic nerve supply
To parotid glands
It originates from the cells in inferior salivary nucleus i.e. dorsal
nucleus of glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve.
-
It originates from the lateral horn cells of T1,2 segments of the
spinal cord; axons via ventral roots enter paravertebral sympathetic
chain to synapse with the cells in superior cervical ganglion to
supply the salivary glands.
2 Afferent nerve supply
Afferent nerve fibers from salivary glands
are found in
chorda tympani (branch of VII nerve)
and IX nerves.
These fibers carry pain impulses
from salivary glands.
salivary production
is incr
via activation of the parasympathetic NS by
- food in mouth
- smells
- conditioned reflexes
- nausea
is decr
via inhibition of the parasympathetic NS by:
- sleep
- dehyration
- fear
- anticholinergic drugs (atropine)
-
-
Composition
Daily secretion:
-
Digestive enzymes
- ptyalin or salivary α-amylase
- lysozymes (bactericidal)
- kallikrein, a proteolytic enzyme
- lipase, a lipolytic enzyme (secreted by glands on the tongue, therefore, also called lingual lipase).
-
pH:
Cations:
- Na+ 15-20 mEq/L - plasma level(145 mEq/L)
- K+ 20-25 mEq/L - plasma level(5 mEq/L)
- Ca2+ - traces
Anions:
- Cl- 15-20 mEq/L - plasma level(110 mEq/L)
- HCO3- 10-15 mEq/L - plasma level(27 mEq/L)
- phosphate - traces
- bromide - traces
Organic contents:
- urea,
- uric acid,
- creatinine,
- amino-acids
- slightly below 7.0 (under resting state);
- 8.0 (during active secretion)