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Ultrastructure of Cells - Coggle Diagram
Ultrastructure of Cells
ESSENTIAL IDEA
Cells are generally very small
Eukaryotic cells vary between 10 and 100 μm in diameter
Cells are categorised in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Prokaryotic cells range from 0.1 to 5.0 μm in diameter.
PROKARYOTIC CELLS
Do not have any membrane-bound organelles
Considered the earliest and most primitive type of cell
Include bacteria and archaea
Simplest system that allows all processes of life to be carried out
Simple unicellular organisms
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
Cells have a separate membrane-enclosed nucleus
Cells have a complex system of membrane-bound organelles
Organisms with complex cells
Eukaryotes represent one of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryota)
All eukaryotes have a compartmentalised cell structure
ADVANTAGES
Greater efficiency of metabolism as enzymes and substrates are enclosed
Internal conditions such as pH can be differentiated
Isolation of toxic or damaging substances away from the cytoplasm
Flexibility
Ribosomes in prokaryotic cells (70S) are smaller than ribosomes found in eukaryotic cells (80S).
Prokaryotes reproduce by binary fission to produce two genetically identical cells.
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Scientists work to make predictions
The human eye is a powerful tool that often can check whether predictions are correct
Electron microscopes have a much higher resolution than light microscopes.
