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Population Genetic and Evolution - Coggle Diagram
Population Genetic and Evolution
Rates of Evolution
the allelic composition of a population could change rapidly
within a few generations, but that is not typically the case.
populations are relatively well adapted to their habitat, or they would not exist.
few mutations produce a new phenotype so superior that it immediately
outcompetes all other members of the population
Gene Pool to change
Mutation
Accidents
Artificial Selection
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Those individuals that are most adapted
to an environment survive
whereas those less adapted.
Natural Selection
Evolution and the origin of life
chemosynthesis
he chemosynthetic hypothesis attempts to model the
origin of life using only known chemical and physical processes, rejecting all traces
of divine intervention
Early Metabolism
Energy metabolism must have been important also.
glycolysis must have
evolved early because it is present in virtually all organisms
Formation of Polymers
present in the early ocean
polymerize if life were to arise
polymerization required
high concentrations of monomers
Speciation
Phyletic Speciation
movement of alleles
Physically through space
Gene flow
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Pollen Transfer
Pollen grains each carry one full haploid genome
alleles of a plant are present in its pollen grains,
grasses, and conifers, can travel great distances
Wind-distributed pollen, such as that of ragweed,
Seed Dispersal
Aggregation and Organization
aggregation
of chemical components into masses
that had some organization and metabolism
Formation of Polymers
Monomers present in the early ocean had to polymerize if life were to arise
but
polymerization required high concentrations of monomers
The Presence of Life
The chemosynthetic theory postulates a long series of slow,
gradual transitions from
completely inorganic compounds to living bacteria
Divergent Speciation
Artificial Systems of Classification
The natural system of classification, which attempts to follow the evolutionary
history of the organisms being categorized, is only one of several types of
classification system.
Cladograms and Taxonomic Categories
, the seed plants (more
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technically, spermatophytes). But if seeds evolved two or three times, then “seed
plants” is not a clade, not a closely related group that all descended from the same
common ancestor
