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Transmission Systems Comparitive - Coggle Diagram
Transmission Systems Comparitive
Power Loss
HVAC
Distance
dependent
CSC-HVDC
2-4%
VSC-HVDC
5-10%
Black – start capability
HVAC and VSC-HVDC
Can start-up with a dead receiving network
CSC-HVDC
Synchronous condensers were necessary to start up
AC system support
HVAC and CSC-HVDC
Limited
VSC-HVDC
Large range
Control strategies
HVAC
Acceptable under normal operating conditions
CSC-HVDC
Fast control in normal operating conditions
VSC-HVDC
Fast control both under normal and fault conditions
Power Control
VSC-HVDC
Independent active and reactive power control
CSC-HVDC
Active power control
Number max. of connections
HVAC and CSC-HVDC
Bipolar
VSC-HVDC
Multiterminal