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Mind Map Term 4, image, image, image, image - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The Westminster system is a form of government which consist of 3 arms of government which are the executive ,legislature and judiciary.
  - - - Justice is treating each-other in a matter that is fair and balanced. The justice system allows people the right to fair trail whether they are guilty or innocent. When a government is better, the safer the citizens overall feel as justice prevents the law from being broken by knowing consequences are in place fir breaking the crime
  - - - Democratic values are the beliefs and ideas that are held by our society as a democratic value. In democracy, there are 4 democratic values
        
        Equality - When we treat everyone the same.
        
        Freedom - Being able to make your own decisions without being controlled, favouritism or being descriminated.
        
        Respect - Accepting someone for who they are no matter their views beliefs or rights.
        
        Fairness - Impartial and treating everybody equally.
  - - - Participation refers to the way people contribute or take part in society. Australians take part in society by voting in elections and referendums, serving of juries, paying taxes and campaigning.
  - - - Democracy is the system of government run by people for people where citizens have a say in who represents them. There are two types of democracy, Direct & Representatives. DIRECT = Where citizens meet together to make laws for society. REPRESENTITIVES = Where citizens elect somebody (representitive) to make decisions on the citizens behalf.
  - - - Rights and responsibilities relates to our entitlements and duties as citizens of a society. Rights ensure we contribute to society and that we are able to have a say and help keep the democracy strong. Responsibilities ensure we contribute to our society to make the country easier to run
- - - - Protects us from harm (Punishing crimes, individuals v the government).
  - - - Developed over generations to determine a system of order and discipline
        (Used by aboriginal and toresstrait islander people, Pass down by word of mouth)
        Non-Indigenous people should know about customary law as knowing it gives a understanding of cultural and legal knowledge. Knowing the customary law also guarantees you will know how to be respectful to the overall indigenous.
  - - - Deals with disputes between individuals ( family law, contract law, Tort law). If an individual has their rights infringed or is harmed by another person , He/she/they can sue the other part for damaged
        Protects individuals by dealing with their disputes over an action (or inaction) that results in loss or harm.
        
        Contract Law
        
        Includes disputes concerning legal arrangements and agreements between parties (e.g contract to buy a house or car , disputes between a company and a person hiring the company)
        
        Tort Law
        
        Defamation, Nuisance, Trespass , Negligence (TORT IS A BREACH OF DUTY IMPORSED BY THE LAW)
        
        Family Law
        
        Includes disputes over birthday, marriages, divorces and caregiving (e.g who will have custody over the children, money and housing.)
  - - - A body of unwritten laws based on legal precedents established by the courts
    - - Established by legislature as a statute, or a law that is formally written and enacted
- - - - What is the freedom of religion?
        
        The freedom of religion allows us to have our own beliefs to practise any religion we want. or to not practise any religion at all! Although we can believe in religion, the laws in religion do not overrule Australian laws.
    - - What is the freedom of association?
        
        The freedom of association allows us to join, form or combine of a group of people to make a clan, organisation or group as long as the activities performed by the group are within legal reason. Culturally, freedom of association considered a basic human right.
    - - What is the freedom of movement?
        
        The freedom of movement allows us to travel freely to ever part of Australia (Territories & States etc). Although this is a freedom is Australia, it does not apply to anybody who is not Australian as you would need validation and confirmation of your identity and a secure passport to enter parts of the country.
    - - What is the freedom of speech?
        
        The freedom of speech is a fundamental value to Australia as it is a basic human right within our culture and overall country. It allows us to take part in society by voicing our opinions, protesting for what we believe in (within reason- not defaming or hurting another person's reputation) and making sure we use our freedoms to benefit others.
        
        Although both freedom of speech and freedom of association are freedoms we have within Australia. The freedoms are both NOT officially backed by the Australian Constitution, meaning they are not official rights, but are more so culturally expected from Australia's rulers.
    - - What is the freedom of assembly?
        
        The freedom of assembly allows us to meet whoever we want to perform social or political acts. With this freedom, people are allowed to come together to express their opinions AS LONG as there is not intent of violence, if violence does arise, the gathering will be shut down and the group may face serious charges.