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Voltage of a Galvanic Cell - Coggle Diagram
Voltage of a Galvanic Cell
Changing the Concentration
Variables
Dependent
Voltage produced
Independent
Concentration of solutions
Controlled
Salt Bridge
Metals in solution
% decrease of concentration
Materials
Copper Sulfate Solution 1Mol
Zinc Sulfate Solution 1Mol
Copper
Zinc
Distilled Water
Voltmeter and wires
Beakers
Measuring Cylinder
Potassium Chloride 1Mol
Filter paper strips
This method of changing the concentration will be conducted by building a galvanic cell of Copper in Copper Sulfate and Zinc in Zinc sulfate with a Potassium Chloride salt bridge. The molar of each solution will start at 1 Mol and will decrease by 20% each test by adding 4 parts solution 1 part distilled water. The voltage of the cell will be recorded in a table each concentration level where graphs will be used to show the data.
Possible Errors
Reading error with measuring cylinder
Not adding exactly 80% solution 20% water
Salt bridge not changed
Using tap water instead of distilled water
Voltmeter not calibrated properly
Changing the metals in Solution
Variables
Dependent
Voltage produced
Independent
Metals in solution
Controlled
Salt bridge
Concentration of solutions
Solution
In this method the voltage of the galvanic cell will be measured by changing the metals in the half reaction. There will be a total 42 galvanic cells built with every possible combination of the metals listed below to test which metals create the most voltage. The data found can be recorded in tables which has the recorded voltage next to the combination of metals in the galvanic cell.
Materials
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Copper
Beakers
Voltmeter and wires
Potassium chloride
Filter Paper strips
Possible Errors
Oxide could form when exposed to air
Voltmeter not calibrated properly
Salt Bridge not changed
Safety Considerations
Copper Sulfate
All protective equipment must be worn and keep a safe distance from the chemicals
Can cause eye and skin irritation, respiratory issues if inhaled and can cause vomiting when ingested
Zinc Sulfate
All protective equipment must be worn and keep a safe distance from the chemicals
Can cause eye and skin irritation, if inhaled can cause respiratory issues
Potassium Chloride
Wear all protective equipment, glasses, gloves and coat.
Can cause skin irritation, eye irritation, and vomiting if ingested.
Justification
The method of changing the concentration will be used for the practical as it the best way to test the voltage of the galvanic cell. Whilst there are plenty of errors that could occur, this method is time efficient and does not require as many materials as the other method.