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Population Genetics and Evolution - Coggle Diagram
Population Genetics and Evolution
Population Genetics
Factors that change the gene pool
Mutations
All new genes are caused by mutations
Any change in DNA
Accidents
Events to which an organism can't adapt
Artificial selection
Process of humans purposely changing a gene pool
Natural selection
Most significant factor
Survival of the fittest
Situations without natural selection
When all individuals are genetically identical
When a habitat can support everyone
Rates of Evolution
Most populations do not evolve very quickly
It would take a very superior allele to make the population change quickly
Typically takes hundreds of years
Changes in structure can occur very quickly
Speciation
Phyletic speciation
Pollen transfer
Movement of pollen to a new area
Seed dispersal
Movement of seeds to a new area
Vegetative propagation
Species remains homogeneous as it evolves
Gene flow
Divergent speciation
Abiological reproductive barriers
Nonliving feature that prevents gene exchange
Biological reproductive barriers
Living feature that prevents gene exchange
Convergent evolution
When separate species occupy a similar habitat and form the same phenotypes as a result
When natural selection makes a new species evolve
Evolution and the Origin of Life
Earth before life
Energy sources
Time
Chemicals present
Chemosynthetically produced chemicals
Plausible model for the formation of monomers
Formation of polymers
Polymerization required high concentrations of monomers
Aggregation and organization
Aggregation of chemical components into organized masses
Early metabolism
Glycolysis must have evolved early
Oxygen
Oxidizing atmosphere
Life
Gradual transition from inorganic compounds to bacteria
