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Ch. 13 Nutritional Requirements Affecting Oral Health in Women - Coggle…
Ch. 13 Nutritional Requirements Affecting Oral Health in Women
Healthy pregnancy
healthy baby begins with healthy mother., in addition to continued preservation of the mothers physical hedalth, emotional and psychological well being is important too
low birth weight
weighing less that 5.5 lbs
premature
gestational weeks less than 37 weeks
Factos affecting Fetal Development
preconceptional nutrional status
one of the most imortant times for getting healthy is prior to conception .
preconceptual obesity or underweight not only hampers fertility but also can set the stage for metabolic problems during pregnancy
Pica
an abnormal consumption of specific food and non food substances
Preeclampsia
a potentially serious complication of pregnancy involving high blood pressure that often leads to premautre delivery
Oral Health
slighly more than half of pregnant women may receive dental care during their pregnancy, even when an oral problem exists
Hormonal changes associated with pregnancy contribute to an increased susceptibility to pregnacny gingivitgs and periodontitis
an intensive oral hygiene regimen may decrese gingivits during pregnancy
Use of tobacco , alcohol, caffeine, some medications, megadoses of nutrients, and illegal drugs can harm the fetus
caffeine, a stimulant and a diuretic, crosses the placenta. studeis hav eshown inconsistent conclusions about the effect of caffeine intake dureing pregnangy on the risk of low birth weight or preterm birth
limit to less than 200 mg/day
mnimizing caffeine intake may be difficult for may pregnant women
Food Safety
women are at high risk for foodborne illness during pregnancy because of physiologic changes that may increase exposure of the gravida and fetus to hazardous substances
pregnant and breastfeeding women should heed food handling precautions
USDA advises pregnant women to avoid unpaseurized milk, cheese, juices. Raw or uder cooked animal food, and raw sprouts becuasea of high risk of foodborne illness
Toxoplasmosis - caused by a parasite, isa aleading cause of death related to foodborne illness in the US
Nutritional Requirement for Pregnancy
DRIs for pregnancy indicated advisable nturient intake for optimal health for oth mother and baby
Factors Affecting Oral Development
availabitlity of nutrients in utero is closely associated with whether teeth achieve their optimum genetic potential
all primary teeeth and many permanent teeth are at vaious stages of develepment at birth
Nutritnional insult - deficiency or excessivd amounts of specific nutrients
Fat
vitamin and minderal requirements dring pregnancy increase proportionaltel higher than caloric needs
Lactation
exclusive breastfeeding for 4-6 months and continuing until 12 months is the ideal method of feedings infacts