Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Parasmpathetic Division
Sympathetic Division.
Preganglionic neurons
Postganglionic neurons
Preganglionic neurons
Postganglionic neurons
Also called the thoracolumbar division because of its preganglionic fibers in the spinal cord.
adrenergic and use norepinephrine
Collateral Ganglia
originate in the thoracic and lumbar levels of the spinal cord
send axons to sympathetic ganglia
originate in the brain and in the sacral level
send axons to the ganglia located in or near the effector organs
Also known as the craniosacral division because the preganglionic fibers are in the brain
Collateral Ganglia
fivers in the spankchnic nerves synapse in the collateral ganglia, prevertebral, and ganglia.
those include the celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric ganglia.
in the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems
originate in the midbrain, pons, medula oblongata
terminal ganglia
supply the postganglionic fibers that synapse with the effector cells
a1 - Adrenergic
short-term constriction
dilates pupil (eye)
constricts the sphincters in the intestines
inhibits myenteric plexus in the intestines
contracts the urethral sphincter
ejaculates the penis
contracts the uterus during pregnancy
contracts the pilomotor smooth muscle (skin)
increases apocrine in palms causing sweat
a2 - Adrenergic
hypertension, raises blood pressure and improves male sexual functions
intestinal secretion
b1 - Adrenergic
increases heart rate.
vasoconstriction
b2 - Adrenergic
relaxes skeletal muscle vessels
relates bronchiolar smooth muscles
relaxes smooth muscle walls
relaxes bladder wall
relaxes uterus when pregnant
sweat glands release acetylcholine for the activation of muscarinic receptors
Muscarinic Cholinergic
relaxes skeletal muscle vessels
ACh activates G-Proteins coupled receptor, opening channels for the K+
increases thermoregulatory in the skins sweat glands
cholinergic and use acetylcholine as their neurotransmitter
Muscarinic
contracts pupil using the circular muscle
decreases heart rate using the sinoatrial node
bronchoconstriction. bronchiolar smooth muscle
contracts smooth muscle walls
relaxes sphincters in smooth muscles
stimulates secretion in smooth muscles
contracts bladder wall
relaxes urethral sphincters
erection of the penis
located in ciliary ganglion, pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia, otic ganglion
fibers found in cervical ganglia, T1-T5, T9-T12