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Topic 9.1 (part 1: Plant structure), Vocabulary part 1, Vocabulary part 2…
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Vocabulary part 1
capillary action
Describes the ascension of water through tubes against gravity.
Capillary action occurs in xylem vessels due to cohesive and adhesive forces.
It pretains to the movement of a liquid through a narrow space as a result of the forces of cohesion, adhesion and the surface tension. The attraction is so great between the water molecules and the molecules of the tube that water will climb in defiance of the force of gravity.
Translocation
This is a type of chromosomal abnormality in which a chromosome breaks and a portion of it reattaches to a different chromosome. Chromosomal translocations can be detected by analyzing karyotypes of the affected cells.
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Stomata
Stoma is a tiny pore in the surface of a leaf that is used for gas exchange. Stomata is crucial for a plant's life functions because they allow carbon-containing carbon dioxide gas to enter the plant's tissues.
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Stele
It's a group of tissues which are present on the inner side of the endodermis of a dicotyledonous root such as the pericycle, vascular bundles and pith.
Evaporation
It's the process of changing from liquid or solid state into vapor e.g. Fog, mist or steam.
Mineral ions
They are electrically charged forms of minerals, usually occurring in solution in the soil moisture and is available for take-up by the roots.
Vocabulary part 2
Cohesion
Force of attraction between 2 particles of the same substance and it helps for molecules to be dragged by the wall.
It's also a various intermolecular force that holds solids and liquids together; attraction between like molecules.
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Osmosis
It's a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one.
Roots
A part of a plant which attaches it to the ground or to a support, typically underground, conveying water and nourishment to the rest of the plant via numerous branches and fibres.
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Direct active transport
It's also called the primary active transport
Direct active transport directly uses metabolic energy to transport molecules across a membrane. Substances that get transported across the cell membrane by primary active transport include metal ions, such as Na^+, K^+, Mg^2+ and Ca^2+
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Primary xylem vessels
Primary xylem consists of lignified treachery elements (Tracheids and vessel elements) which are dead at maturity (they have lost their protoplasts)
Tracheids and vessel elements are long hollow cells with tapered end walls.
Vocabulary part 3
Halophytes
They will lose water as the high intake of salt from the surrounding soils will draw water from plant tissue ...
A plant adapted to growing in saline conditions, as in a salt marsh
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