Business Englich
Welcome to our course
it's up to you - тебе решать * it depends on you
enhance - усилить / The goal is to enhance your English proficiency skills
We're looking forward to working with you - Мы с нетерпением ждем сотрудничества с вами
capstone project - заключительный проект
you will be able to apply strategies - применить стратегии
involve - include
Objectives and outcomes - Цели и результаты
assessment - оценка
quizzes, peer assessed tasks - викторины,
задачи, оцениваемые коллегами.
literacy - грамотность
Use appropriate tone and style - Используйте соответствующий тон и стиль
conduct an analysis - провести анализ
We're really excited to be working with you - Мы очень рады работать с вами
How is this relevant to you - Как это относится к вам
convey - передавать, транспортировать (конвейер)
put things into perspective for us - взглянуть на вещи в перспективе для нас
we apply it to authentic purposes - мы применяем это в подлинных целях
discourse - ораторствовать
ways of passing on messages - способы передачи сообщений
we always approach the stimulus differently - мы всегда подходим к стимулу по-разному
students tend to benefit a lot by participation - студенты, как правило, получают большую пользу от участия
specific genres and types of communication - конкретные жанры и виды общения
Meetings
at your own pace - в удобном для вас темпе
communication is the process of sending and receiving messages
we can do this in many ways
- You can do this through written discourse
- through spoken discourse.
- through images and through body language
- a combination of all of the above. We call this multi modal
refuse
issue
considerable - notably large in size, amount, or extent
underdog - a competitor thought to have little chance of winning a fight or contest
skip - пропускать, перепрыгивать
they revenue largely stems from criminal activity
struggle - make forceful or violent efforts to get free of restraint or constriction
insist - demand something forcefully, not accepting refusal
description
capable - having the ability, fitness, or quality necessary to do or achieve a specified thing
- I'm quite capable of taking care of myself
Advertising
advertisement - ad
Those ads for hamburgers always make me feel hungry.
persuade - cause cause (someone) to do something through reasoning or argument - force
gambling - азартная игра
advertising agency
AIDA
- The AIDA model lists the four stages consumers go through when being persuaded to buy something
- Attention, Interest, Desire, Action - the objective of all advertisements
eye-catcher - something that especially attracts one's attention
feature - special characteristic of a product, usually leading to certain benefits
promote - try to increase sales of a product by publicising and advertising it
Finance
refund - pay back
Transportation
peer review - evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by others working in the same field. - экспертная оценка
indemnity - компенсация
liability - задолженность
Contract
null and void
refers to a contract or clause that’s invalid, non-binding or which has no legal force
Our lease will become null and void in 30 days if we don’t renew it now
Management is concerned about the number of new competitors entering the market this year. Руководство обеспокоен
A counter offer is an offer you make in response to an offer made by another party.
consensus refers to an idea or opinion that’s been agreed on by everyone - the committee still couldn’t come to a consensus
excess baggage
Airlines charge a lot to take excess baggage, so make sure your bags weigh less than whatever the limit is.
attendant - a person employed to provide a service to the public in a particular place
hand luggage
Banking
balance
the difference between credits and debits in an account
If you put money in your bank account, does the balance go up or down?
bank charges
money paid to a bank for the bank's services
If I withdraw money from an ATM machine, I have to pay $2.50 in bank charges.
current account - bank a/c from which money may be drawn at any time
debit
a sum deducted from a bank account
deposit account
bank a/c on which interest is paid; savings account
What interest rate are you getting for your deposit account?
fill in
to add written information to a document to make it complete
to fill ou
interest
money paid for the use of money lent - interest rate
loan
money lent by a bank etc and that must be repaid with interest
overdraft
deficit in a bank account caused by withdrawing more money than is paid in
If there isn't enough in my account for a purchase, I get an automatic overdraft
pay in
to deposit or put money in to a bank account
My salary gets paid in every month, and then I withdraw it as needed
payee - person to whom money is paid
standing order - an instruction to a bank to make regular payments
Ask your bank if they'll pay the rent by standing order for you
withdraw
to take money out of a bank account - withdrawal
Company Vocabulary
accounts department, accounting department - department responsible for administering a company's financial affairs - also accounting department
A.G.M. - Annual General Meeting of a company's shareholders, where shareholders get an annual report on their company's performance and strategy
board of directors - group of people chosen to establish policy for and control a company
organisation chart - a table or plan showing a company's structure graphically
production department - department responsible for the manufacture, creation or crafting of products
purchasing department
R & D department - department responsible for inventing new products or improving existing products
Computer
application - a program designed for a specific task
Have you downloaded any new smartphone apps lately
back up - to send copied data to a secure location in case the original data is lost or corrupted
bit - the basic binary unit for storing data in a computer, either 0 or 1 [binary digit]
Data transfer speeds are measured in bits per second, so the higher the number of bits, the faster your downloads
byte - 8 bits - kilobyte
agreement
appendix - extra material or additional content at the end of a book, contract, report etc
arbitration - settlement of a dispute by a person chosen by both parties
article - a particular statement or stipulation in a contract etc; clause
clause - die Klausel, der Punkt, der Artikel - пункт/статья
condition - anything necessary before the performance of something else
force majeure
an unforeseeable event such as a flood, earthquake, war etc used as an excuse for not fulfilling a contract agreement
Article 7 of the contract covers termination conditions and force majeure provisions
fulfil / to satisfy a condition; to complete the required task
herein - in here; in this (document etc)
Any other costs not specified herein are the responsibility of the buyer
hereinafter - in the following part (of this document etc)
The musician known as Prince is hereinafter referred to as "the artist".
hereto - to this (document etc) [eg: attached hereto]
heretofore - up until now; until the present; before this
in behalf of - in the interests of (person etc); for (person etc); on behalf of
On the one hand she works quickly, but on the other hand she makes mistakes.
If both parties agree, the contract can be altered - может быть изменен
stipulate - ставить условием
to specify as an essential condition - stipulation
As stipulated in the contract, the apartment cannot be sublet to a third party
terms - conditions or stipulations
This is one of the terms you agreed to by signing the contact.
warrant - to give formal assurance; to guarantee
whereas - в то время как
Employment Vocabulary
make redundant - to dismiss because of not being needed - redundancy
maternity leave - period of absence from work (for a woman) when having a baby
dismiss - to remove or discharge from employment; to sack; to fireUS
recruit - to look for and employ personnel or new staff - recruitment
resign - уходить в отставку
retire
If you're not happy there, resign and look for a better job.
retire - to leave employment, esp. because of old age - retirement
As soon as she was entitled to the old-age pension, Kelly retired. - Как только она получила право на пенсию по старости, Келли вышла на пенсию.
take on - to employ; to hire - I'll let you know the next time we're taking on new staff.
an organization that represents the interests of workers - labor unionUS n., trade unionUK n.
Creating unions gave workers the power to fight for higher wages and better working conditions
Import-Export Vocabulary
bill of lading - list of all goods being sent and shipping instructions; waybill
cargo - goods or products that are being transported or shipped
certificate of origin - a document that shows where goods come from
customs - 1 government tax or duty on imported goods, 2 officials who collect this tax
declare - to make a statement of taxable goods - customs declaration form
If customs officials find taxable goods that you haven't declared, you'll have to pay a fine
freight - goods being transported; cargo
irrevocable - безвозвратный
letter of credit - a letter from a bank authorising a person to draw money from another bank - аккредитив
merchandise / things bought and sold; commodities; wares - also v. - We import a range of merchandise, from clothes to furniture and electrical goods.
pro forma invoice / an invoice or request for payment sent in advance of goods supplied
Insurance
actuary / a person who calculates risks for insurance companies
assessor - a person who calculates the value of something [eg: a building, car etc]
claim - an application for payment under an insurance policy - to make a claim
comprehensive / [of an insurance policy] all-inclusive; providing more complete protection - Comprehensive car insurance covers damage from things besides accidents, like floods, fire, vandalism, etc.
cover - he protection given by an insurance policy / If you're going to the US, you'll need extra cover for hospital bills
employer's liability - liability or responsibility of a firm for damage caused to one of its employees
goods in transit - property, merchandise or any goods in the process of being transported
insurance broker - agent who arranges insurance; middleman between insurer and policyholder
liability - 1 the state of being liable, 2 anything for which a person is liable
loss adjuster - a person who assesses the amount of compensation arising from a claim - оценщик убытков
policy - a contract of insurance
policyholder - the person to whom an insurance policy is issued
premium - a payment, usually monthly, yearly etc, for an insurance policy
product liability - liability or responsibility of a firm for damage caused by one of its products
public liability - responsibility of a firm for damage caused to a member of the public
reinsurance - the insuring of risk by one insurance company with another - to reinsure
risk - 1 chance or possibility of injury, loss etc, 2 person or thing causing risk
Law Vocabulary
attorney - a person who acts for or represents another in business or legal matter
barrister - lawyer who pleads before a superior court
court of law - the place where law cases are heard and decided; court - courtroom
defendant - person or organization facing a criminal charge or other legal proceeding - defend - ответчик
evidence - information presented to a court to prove or support a point in question
judge - official with authority to hear and decide cases in a court of law
jury - жюри, присяжные - a group of people chosen to hear the evidence of a case and give a decision
lawsuit - иск, судебный процесс
lawyer - a person trained in law and who advises or represents others
plead - present and argue for (a position), especially in court or in another public context.
prosecutor - a lawyer, often a public official, who can file charges and try to prove a defendant's guilt in court - prosecute - прокурор, обвинитель
sentence - 1 decision of a court, esp. as to the punishment, 2 the punishment - also v.
solicitor - 1UK lawyer advising clients and briefing barristers, 2US law officer for a city - юрисконсульт
sue - to start legal action against someone in a court of law - предъявлять иск
sum up - to summarise and review the evidence of a case - summing up - подводить итоги
trial - судебный процесс
verdict - the formal decision or finding of a judge or jury
without prejudice - without detriment or damage to a legal right or claim - без ущерба
- elaboration - the process of developing or presenting a theory, policy, or system in further detail.
commitment - обязательство
deem - regard or consider in a specified way.
the event was deemed a great success
be amended and supplemented - быть исправленным и дополненным
an integral part thereof - его неотъемлемая часть
the prior written consent - предварительное письменное согласие
obtain - get, acquire, or secure (something).
an opportunity to obtain advanced degrees
In case of discrepancies in the texts, the Russian text shall prevail - В случае расхождений в текстах, текст на русском языке имеет преимущественную силу.
Marketing
consumer - the person who buys and uses a product or service - to consume v.
cost v. [cost, costed, costed] to estimate the price of making a product - costing n.
Many inputs like labour and materials must be costed before a product's retail price is set.
to create a new product or improve an existing one - product development
To succeed over the long term, we have to keep developing new and better products
digital marketing
n. marketing through digital devices such as computers and smart phones; includes TV/radio by some definitions - also e-marketing
We now spend far more on digital marketing than on traditional marketing.
distribution
n. the delivering of products to end-users, incl. advertising, storing etc
Has your company ever handled distribution of luxury goods for a top international brand?
end-user n.
the person, customer etc who is the final and actual (or "real") user of a product
If end-users aren't happy with the quality or price, they won't recommend it to their friends.
image
n. the concept or perception the general public has of a company or product - public image n.
It only took one media story about child labour in a factory overseas to destroy the company's positive image.
label
n. small piece of paper, cloth etc on a product giving information about it
To find out how much sugar a drink contains, check the nutrition information on the label.
launch
v. to introduce a new product, with publicity etc - product launch n.
If Kim launches a new line of clothing, she invites heaps of celebrities to the product launch.
market research
n. study of consumers' needs & preferences, often for a particular product
We only launch new products if our market research shows high consumer demand.
online
adj. while connected to the Internet or other computer network - also adv. to shop online
Our online sales are increasing now that more people are shopping online.
packaging
n. the wrapping or container for a product
If a product's packaging is made of plastic, environmentally-aware consumers might not buy it.
point of sale
n. the place where a product is actually sold to the public - point-of-sale adj.
The advertising of cigarettes isn't allowed, even at the point of sale.
product
n. something made to be sold; merchandise [includes services] - to produce v.
When creating products for teenagers, use cool designs that fit with today's teen culture.
public relations
n. creation and maintenance of a good public image - public relations officer n.
When their CEO was caught sending racist e-mails, the company faced a public relations nightmare.
registered
adj. officially recorded or listed (eg. as in "registered trademark" and its symbol ®) - to register v.
Our lawyers have advised that we must register all new products for our own protection.
total product
n. in marketing, the whole product, inc. name, packaging, instructions, reliability, after-sales etc
This is a total product issue and you should raise it with Marketing, not Advertising.
Trademark n.
special symbol, design, word etc used to represent a product, brand or company
Have you registered the trademark yet?
Meetings
A.G.M.
How many shareholders attended this year's AGM?
abbr. Annual General Meeting at which directors of a company or association present their annual report to shareholders or members
A.O.B.
abbr. Any Other Business [usually the last item on a meeting's agenda, for raising topics not listed elsewhere]
Add a heading for AOB at the end just in case someone wants to raise something else.
absent
adj. not here; not present [at a meeting, in a class, at work etc]
If someone doesn't come to the meeting, write "absent" next to their name.
agenda
n. a written schedule or list of topics for a meeting
The first item on the agenda is to make a brief statement of welcome.
apologies n.
item on an agenda for announcing people who are absent; apologies for absence
The second item is apologies from board members and office holders unable to attend.
ballot
n. a type of vote, usually in writing and usually secret- secret ballot n.
If the workers don't get a pay rise, they'll hold a ballot on whether to strike or not.
casting vote
n. a deciding vote (usually held by the meeting's chair) cast only when votes are otherwise equal
It was a tie, so the chair used her casting vote to decide the matter.
chairman n.
the person who leads or presides at a meeting - also chairperson or chair [often preferred, esp. when referring to a woman]
The chairman ended the meeting by thanking all those who'd attended.
conference
n. formal meeting for discussion, esp. a regular one held by an organisation
At this year's conference, leading scientists will discuss the damaging effects of plastic waste.
consensus
n. general agreement
There's a growing consensus among shareholders that the CEO's ten million-dollar performance bonus wasn't justified.
decision
n. a conclusion or resolution to do something - to decide v.
All decisions made at the meeting must be communicated to our members immediately.
item n.
a separate point for discussion [as listed on an agenda]
The next item on the agenda is a proposed wage rise for all full-time employees.
matters arising
n. item on an agenda for discussion of what has happened as a result of the last meeting
The first item is matters arising, beginning with the wage rise proposed at last month's meeting.
minutes
n. a written record of everything said at a meeting
You can read the minutes of last month's meeting if you want to know what everyone said.
governments should adopt accrual-based accounting, instead of cash-based accounting.
proxy vote
n. a vote cast by one person for, or in place of, another person who isn't present
How many proxy votes were cast on behalf of absent committee members?
show of hands n.
raised hands to express an opinion in a vote
Voting will be conducted by a simple show of hands
vote v.
to express an opinion in a group by voice, hand, in writing etc - also n. - to cast a vote v.
Guess how many executives voted in favour of a pay rise for their workers.
Money Vocabulary
A.T.M. - cash dispenser
black market n.
illegal traffic in officially controlled commodities such as foreign currency
If you change money on the black market you'll get a better exchange rate, but it's riskier.
bureau de change n.
a business where currencies of different countries may be exchanged - also currency exchangeUS
Don't use the bureau de change at the airport. The exchange rate's terrible.
You can pay by cash, credit card or smartphone.
cashier - n. person dealing with cash transactions in a bank, store etc
coin n. - a piece of metal money
Eurozone countries had their own currencies before they switched to the Euro.
debt n. - money that's owed by one person to another
exchange rate n. - the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another - also rate of exchange n.
foreign exchange - n. the currency of other countries
hard currency n. - currency that will probably not fall in value and is readily accepted
inflation n.
a general increase in prices as a country's currency loses value
If your bank's interest rates are lower than the rate of inflation, your savings will be worth less over time.
interest n..
money that a lender or bank depositor is paid for the use of their money, often at an agreed monthly or yearly rate
You get more interest from a fixed-term account, but you'll lose the interest if you take money out before the term's up
invest v.
put money into a business, buy shares or land, etc in order to make a profit investment n.
I'll invest half my savings in the stock market, and put the rest into low-risk government bonds.
legal tender n.
currency that cannot legally be refused in payment of a debt
Printed banknotes have only been legal tender in Britain for a couple of hundred years.
сумма в уплату долга - tender
petty cashUK n.
a cash fund for small, everyday expenses
If we need some milk or whatever, get the money from petty cash.
soft currency n.
currency that will probably fall in value and is not readily accepted
If you're exporting, stipulate payment in a hard currency like the Euro or you might get a soft currency instead.
speculate v.
to make high-risk investments in business, foreign currency, land etc in the hope of quick profits - speculation n.
Hedge funds use investors' money to speculate in the stock market.
transaction n.
a (usually commercial) exchange; any deal involving a buyer and a seller - to transact v.
Selling a house is a complex transaction, so you'll need a real estate lawyer to do the legal work.
Newspapers Vocabulary
article
n. a text or piece of writing in a newspaper, magazine, news website, etc on any non-fiction subject
There's a great article on doing business in China in today's Washington Post.
broadsheet
- a large-format newspaper, especially one with reliable news reports and opinion pieces by qualified experts and experienced contributors
- tabloid tabloid - a small-format newspaper, especially one with sensationalist stories
censor
a state official who can stop publication of articles they find morally or politically offensive - censorship
Articles that criticize the government don't get past the censor these days
chequebook journalism
the obtaining of exclusive rights to a story by payment of large sums of money
critic n - a person who writes reviews of things like books, films, plays, food, wine etc
feature n. a special or regular article in a newspaper, usually displayed prominently
headline - n. 1) the title at the top of an article, 2) headlines the most important stories
the media - all the means of mass communication (newspapers, TV, radio, websites, etc)
sensationalism - n. low-quality journalism with stories made more shocking or exciting to attract more readers - sensationalist
Numbers
add - to put one number together with another to find the total
divide - v. 2 ÷ 2 [is expressed as] two divided by two - division
equal - v. to be the same as [eg: 2 + 2 equals 4] = add up to something / Your purchases add up to $205.32
minus- prep. 5 - 3 [is expressed as] five minus three
multiply - 2 x 2 [is expressed as] two multiplied by two - multiplication
plus prep. 2 + 2 [is expressed as] two plus two
- Fifty-two plus nine is sixty-one, isn't it?
square - to multiply a number by the same number [eg: 3 squared = 9, or 32 = 9]
square root - a number that, when multiplied by itself, gives a certain number [eg: the square root of 9 is 3, or √9 = 3]
subtract - to deduct one number from another [eg: 12 minus 3] - subtraction
times - prep. 2 x 2 [is expressed as] two times two - see multiply
- I know that 7 times 8 equals 56 because we recited multiplication tables at school until we knew them by heart.
to the power of - multiplication of a number by itself [eg: 2 to the power of 3 (or 2 x 2 x 2) = 8]
- In arithmetic, "two to the power of three" is written as 23.
Presentations Vocabulary
audience rapport - relationship of presenter with audience, esp. when good - взаимопонимание с аудиторией
- Have you got any tips on developing audience rapport when making a presentation?
body language - body movements, facial expressions and other non-verbal signs of a person's feelings and attitudes
- I could tell from his body language that he was nervous and self-conscious.
handout - anything (report, sample etc) handed or given to people at a presentation
In conclusion... - Typical phrase used to signal the summing up or final part of a presentation
- I'd like, in conclusion, to thank everyone for coming and wish you all the very best for the future.
To start with... - Typical phrase used to signal the beginning of a particular subject or topic
- To start with, let's put ourselves in the shoes of a customer and imagine the features we'd want the most.
Turning now to... - Typical phrase used to signal a change from one subject or topic to another
- Turning now to after sales service, how would we want to be supported as customers?
visual aids - things that one can show the audience in a presentation [eg: films, maps, charts etc]
- Good visual aids are especially important in technical and data-based presentations.
whiteboard - large, flat, white surface or board on which to write or draw with markers
- If you're eliciting ideas from the audience, list them on the whiteboard as you go.
Property Vocabulary
development - an area of land, often subdivided, with newly-built houses or commercial buildings for sale or rent
estate (имущество) agent - a person whose business is to help clients buy, sell or rent property; real estate agent
freehold - свободное владение, the holding of land or property for an unlimited period of time
landlord - арендодатель, a man who owns an apartment, house, office etc and rents it out to tenants
leasehold - n. the holding of property by lease for a set period of time
real estateUS - n. land and buildings; propertyUK
rent
the amount of money a tenant must pay (monthly, weekly etc) to stay in a house, apartment
- My greedy landlord is putting up the rent again!
to pay money regularly (monthly, weekly etc) for the use of a house, apartment, office
storeyUK - этаж, n. one of the levels of a building; floor; story
tenant - арендатор, n. a person who rents an apartment, house, office etc from a landlord
Publishing Vocabulary
copyright © n. exclusive legal right of an author to control the publication of his or her work
author n. the writer of a book, play, essay, article
bind v. [bound, bound] to fix pages of a book together after printing - binding
blurb - Аннотация n. short, promotional description of a book usually printed on the cover or dust jacket
contents n. a list near the front of a book or magazine showing all the sections or chapters it contains
fiction - беллетристика, n. stories about imaginary events and people
index n. an alphabetical list at the back of a book showing names, places, topics etc and the pages on which they're mentioned
non-fiction - научно-популярная литература n. informative writing about the real world, real events or real people
Punctuation Vocabulary
hyphen
— dash
! exclamation mark; exclamation point
(#) sharp; pound sign
& ampersand
• bullet
( ) (round) brackets
(*) asterisk
, comma
. 1 full stop; period 2 point
... ellipsis points; ellipsis dots
/ slash
: colon
; semicolon
? question mark
[ ] (square) brackets
\ backslash
__ underline
“ ” quotation marks
Resume/CV Vocabulary
background n. the whole of one's education, training and experience
work history n. jobs held, including dates, positions etc; employment history/experience
Sales Vocabulary
close v. to finalize a deal or sale; to make a sale
We can close the deal as soon as the customer accepts our usual terms and conditions.
cold call v. to telephone a prospect without previous contact
follow up v. to continue to follow persistently
in bulk - оптом, in large quantity, usually at a lower price
You get a much better deal if you purchase products in bulk, of course.
lead n. useful indication of a possible customer to be followed up
objection n. a reason given by a prospect for not buying - возражение n. причина, указанная потенциальным клиентом для отказа от покупки
overcome v. [-came, -come] to overcome an objection to show an objection is invalid; to beat an objection - преодолеть v. [-пришел, -пришел] преодолеть возражение, чтобы показать, что возражение недействительно; победить возражение
prospect n. a possible or probable customer; prospective customer - потенциальный клиент
retail v. to sell in small quantities (as in a shop to the public) - also n. see wholesale
USP n. Unique Selling Proposition, a feature that makes a product or service stand out from its competitors, such as lowest price, highest quality, best design etc - also Unique Selling Point - Уникальное торговое предложение
wholesale v. to sell in bulk (as to a shop for resale to the public) - also оптовая продажа
- If you're wholesaling a product, the price you charge should be around half the recommended retail price that retailers will charge.
back something up
давать задний ход
reverse
You'll have to back up your car so that I can get out.
back somebody up
поддержите кого-нибудь
support
My wife backed me up over my decision to quit my job
blow up
взрываться
explode
The racing car blew up after it crashed into the fence
blow something up
надуть
add air
We have to blow 50 balloons up for the party
break down
сломаться
stop functioning (vehicle, machine)
Our car broke down at the side of the highway in the snowstorm.
break in
вломиться
force entry to a building
Somebody broke in last night and stole our stereo
break up
расставаться
end a relationship
My boyfriend and I broke up before I moved to America
break out
вырваться
escape
The prisoners broke out of jail when the guards weren't looking
bring somebody down
make unhappy
This sad music is bringing me down
bring somebody up
воспитывать
raise a child
My grandparents brought me up after my parents died.
bring something up - start talking about a subject
call around - phone many different places/people
call something off
cancel
Jason called the wedding off because he wasn't in love with his fiancé
call on somebody
ask for an answer or opinion
The professor called on me for question 1.
call somebody up
phone
Give me your phone number and I will call you up when we are in town
calm down
relax after being angry
You are still mad. You need to calm down before you drive the car.
cheer up
развеселить
become happier
She cheered up when she heard the good news
cheer somebody up
make happier
I brought you some flowers to cheer you up
chip in
Внести свой вклад
help
- If everyone chips in we can get the kitchen painted by noon
come across something
find unexpectedly
I came across these old photos when I was tidying the closet
come down with something -
become sick
count on somebody/ something
рассчитывать на кого-то / на что-то
rely on
I am counting on you to make dinner while I am out.
cross something out
вычеркните что-нибудь
draw a line through
Please cross out your old address and write your new one.
cut back on something
сократите что-нибудь
consume less
My doctor wants me to cut back on sweets and fatty foods.
cut in
вмешаться
interrupt
Your father cut in while I was dancing with your uncle.
cut in
Кондиционер включается, когда температура достигает 22°C.
start operating (of an engine or electrical device)
The air conditioner cuts in when the temperature gets to 22°C.
do away with something - discard - покончить с чем-то, выбросить
It's time to do away with all of these old tax records
надевай красивую одежду
dress up
wear nice clothing
It's a fancy restaurant so we have to dress up
перемещение назад в позицию/группу
drop back
move back in a position/group
Andrea dropped back to third place when she fell off her bike
приходите без предварительной записи
drop in/ by/ over
come without an appointment
I might drop in/by/over for tea sometime this week.
Phrasal verbs
отвезти
drop somebody/ something off
take somebody/ something somewhere and leave them/it there
I have to drop my sister off at work before I come over.
бросить учебу
drop out
quit a class, school etc
I dropped out of Science because it was too difficult
поедим где-нибудь
eat out
eat at a restaurant
I don't feel like cooking tonight. Let's eat out.
end up
eventually reach/do/decide
We ended up renting a movie instead of going to the theatre
figure something out
understand, find the answer
I need to figure out how to fit the piano and the bookshelf in this room.
get along/on
like each other
I was surprised how well my new girlfriend and my sister got along/on.
get away with something
do without being noticed or punished
Jason always gets away with cheating in his maths tests
отомстить
get back at somebody
retaliate, take revenge
My sister got back at me for stealing her shoes. She stole my favourite hat.
преодолеть что-то
get over something
recover from an illness, loss, difficulty
I just got over the flu and now my sister has it.
get over something
overcome a problem
The company will have to close if it can't get over the new regulations.
выдать кого
give somebody away
reveal hidden information about somebody
His wife gave him away to the police.
выдать что-то
give something away
ruin a secret
My little sister gave the surprise party away by accident - случайно
сдавайтесь
give in
reluctantly stop fighting or arguing
My boyfriend didn't want to go to the ballet, but he finally gave in.
раздавать что-то
give something out
give to many people (usually at no cost)
They were giving out free perfume samples at the department store
перестань пытаться
give up
stop trying
My maths homework was too difficult so I gave up.
стремиться к чему-то
go after something
try to achieve something
I went after my dream and now I am a published writer
начинай
go ahead
start, proceed
Please go ahead and eat before the food gets cold
просмотрите
go over something
review
Please go over your answers before you submit your test
обходиться без чего-то
go without something
suffer lack or deprivation - лишение
When I was young, we went without winter boots
grow up
become an adult
When Jack grows up he wants to be a fireman
hang in - stay positive (informal)
hang on
wait a short time (informal)
Hang on while I grab my coat and shoes!
hang out
spend time relaxing (informal)
Instead of going to the party we are just going to hang out at my place
hang up
end a phone call
He didn't say goodbye before he hung up
hold on
wait a short time
Please hold on while I transfer you to the Sales Department
продолжай делать что-то
keep on doing something
continue doing
Keep on stirring until the liquid comes to a boil
скрывать что-либо от кого-либо
keep something from somebody
not tell
We kept our relationship from our parents for two years.
продолжать в том же темпе
keep something up
continue at the same rate
If you keep those results up you will get into a great college.
L-
подвести кого-то
fail to support or help, disappoint
I need you to be on time. Don't let me down this time.
let somebody down
присматривать за кем-либо/ чем-либо
look after somebody/ something
take care of
I have to look after my sick grandmother
смотреть свысока на кого-либо
look down on somebody
think less of, consider inferior
Ever since we stole that chocolate bar your dad has looked down on me
look for somebody/ something
try to find
I'm looking for a red dress for the wedding
с нетерпением ждать чего-то
look forward to something
be excited about the future
I'm looking forward to the Christmas break
изучать
look into something
investigate
We are going to look into the price of snowboards today
будьте осторожны, бдительны и обратите внимание
look out
be careful, vigilant, and take notice
Look out! That car's going to hit you!
essentials - предметы первой необходимости
concern - беспокойство
from scratch - с нуля