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Chapter 8A: Photosynthesis - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 8A: Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis: Fixing" CO2: fixing bonds in order to make sugar
H2O --> O2 (OXIDATION)
CO2 --> (CH2O)n (REDUCTION)
reduction: break C-O bonds, make C-C and C-H bonds
ex. Carbon fixation by algae supports coral reefs
symbiosis between coral (animal) and photosynthesizing algae
"bleaching": if algae dies, the coral starves
Leaves from angiosperms (higher plants)
leaves have CHLOROPLASTS
chloroplasts have 3 membrane systems: outer, intermembrane, inner
important inner spaces: stroma and thylakoid space
Photosynthesis broken into many steps
CO2 --> Sugar
REDUCTION of CO2 to form carbohydrates (IN STROMA)
deltaG is POSITIVE (SYNTHESIS OF SOMETHING)
CO2 --> Calvin Cycle --> Carbohydrate
H2O --> O2
Generate ATP and load electron carriers (light reactions) (in THYLAKOID MEMBRANE)
produces available free energy and electrons (ATP and NADPH) that is put into the CALVIN CYCLE
Electron carriers are different in anabolism and catabolism
Catabolism: NAD+/NADH carriers
Anabolism: NADP+/NADPH carriers
enzymes distinguish them in binding, use one or the other
Calvin Cycle
Carboxylation:Enzyme rubisco catalyzes the addition of CO2 to RuBP --> TWO 3-PGA
Reduction: Energy input ATP and NADPH from the LIGHT REACTION transfers electrons to the 2 3-PGA --> glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
Regeneration of RuBP: 3C compounds are reorganized and combined to produce RuBP
