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Roots - Coggle Diagram
Roots
Other Types of Roots and Root Modifications
Storage Roots
Function
storage of carbohydrates
Prop Roots
Types of plants
palms
screwpines
Function
transport
nutrients
water
stabilization
Buttress roots
tall
platelike
Aerial Roots of Orchids
Spread along surface of bark of tree
Epidermis(Velamen)
water retention
Contractile Roots
types of plants
bulbs
corms
rhizomes
subterranean roots
Mycorrhizae
Ectomycorrizal Relationship
fungal hyphae penetrate between
outermost root cortex cells
never invade cells themselves
Endomycorrhizal Relationship
hyphae penetrate root cortex to endodermis
cannot pass casparian strip
Root Nodules and Nitrogen Fixation
nitrogen fixation
conversion of nitrogen into usable compounds
occurs in legumes
Haustorial Roots of Parasitic Flowering Plants
parasitize other plants
do own photosynthesis
Roots of Strangler Figs
grow as epiphytes on other trees
Internal Structure of Roots
Root Cap
#
Secretion
mucigel
by exocytosis
Constantly regenerating itself
Root Apical Meristems
#
Quiescent Center
inactive central region
resistant
radiation
toxic chemicals
act as reserve
healthy cells
apical meristem/root cap damage
activate making a new one
Zone of Elongation
#
Location
just behind apical meristem
Whats happening
cell enlargement
Composition
protoderm
outermost cells
differentiate into epidermis
center
provascular tissue
primary phloem
primary xylem
closest to meristem
protoxylem
protophloem
farther from root tip
cells develop into
metaxylem
metaphloem
Ground tissue
between provascular and protoderm
parenchyma
differentiates into cortex
tissues are quite permeable
Zone of Maturation/Root Hair Zone
Process
Root hair growth
transfer of minerals
between
vascular tissue
epidermis
happens by
apoplastic transport
diffusion through
walls
intercellular spaces
Symplastic transport
absorption through plasmodesmata
Endodermis
composition
tangential walls
pericycle
between
endodermis
vascular tissue
initiates lateral root growth
Casparian Strips
controls
in/out of xylem stream
Mature Portions of the Root
passage cells
"passageways" for absorption of minerals
endodermis
keep water in
Concepts
Functions
Anchoring plant to substrate
Provides stability
Absorbing water and minerals
Producing Hormones
Cytokinin
gibberellin
Shape
cylindrical
Taproots
function
carbohydrate storage
External Structure of Roots
Composition
Taproot
lateral roots/branch roots
radicle
#
forms into taproot
embryonic root
Fibrous Root System
similarly sized roots
radicle dies during or after germination
Adventitious roots
increase absorptive and transport capacities
produced by monocots
Structure of Individual Roots
fairly simple
growth at root meristem
root cap
function
protection
root apical meristem
Dictyosomes
secretion
mucigel
function
lubricates passage of root through soil
rich in carbohydrates
zone of elongation
location
just behind root cap
function
cell division
Root Hair zone
location
behind zone of elongation
contains
trichomes
root hairs
Origin and Development of Lateral Roots
Growth
initiated by pericycle
