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Roots - Coggle Diagram
Roots
Other types of roots and their mechanisms
Storage roots
Stable environment
Long term storage of carbohydrates
Contractile roots
It is important to keep stems at proper depth
Contraction caused by change in the shape of the cortex
Shoots become anchored to the cells
Historical root of parasitic flowering plants
Very little root like structure remains
Tristerix
Grows around the roots to adhere
Roots of stranger figs
Absorbs nutrients from the rain water
The roots do not contact with the soil for months
Grows rapidly when touches the soil
Prop Roots
Buttress root
Upper part grows rapidly
Brace the trunk
extreme growth though the air
Mangrooves
Helps in respiration
Functions
Stabilizers for stem
Transports nutrients and minerals to the stem
Arial roots of orchid
Spread along the surface of the bark
Adapted to the dry environment
Development of Lateral Roots
New lateral root
Destroys the cells of the epidermis
Invades endodermis
Initiated by the divisions in the pericycle
Root primordium
Organizes itself into the apical meristem
Causes the endodermis to torn out
Pushes outwards
Complete lateral root
Protoxylem and protophloem differentiate
Formed root cap
External Structure of Root
Organization of the root system
Seed plants
Radicle
Gives rise to taproot
Small lateral roots
Single taproot
Fibrous root system
Adventitious root
Most monocots and some dicots
Highly branched
Structure of individual root
Longitudinal growth
Tips pushes to soil
Discrete apical meristem
Mucigal
rich in carbohydrates and amino acids
rapid growth of microbes around the tip
Lubricate the passage of the root
Causes the soil to release nutrients ions
Root tip
Growth in length
Mechanism Connection
Internal structure of Root
Root apical meristem
more orderly than shoots
Quiscent center
Reserve healthy cells
Mitotically inactive
Resistant to radiation and toxic chemicals
Becomes active when the root cap or apical meristem is damaged
Cell division occurs throughout the root
Zone of elongation
Ground tissue
In the root cortex
Older cells
Into metaxylem and metaphloem
Provascular tissue
Develop into primary xylem and primary phloem
It is in the center
cells expand greatly
Protoderm
Outermost cell
Differentiate into epidermis
Mature portion of root
Root hair
Absorption of water and minerals are reduced
Endodermis
It is unchanged
Continue to mature
Passage cells
Slow to develop
Has casparian strips
Root cap
Cells
Undergo cell division
Differ as they move towards the side
Small and meristematic when it is formed
Functions
Protects the root
Provides the stability to the root
Zone of maturation
Cortex cells enlarge
Helps to transport minerals from the epidermis to vascular tissues
Root hairs grow outward
Water and minerals absorption
Surface area increases
Endodermis
Water proof cell wall
Cylindrical
Casparian strips
Controls the flow of minerals