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C8 (Chromotography, Tests for gases, Purity and formulations) - Coggle…
C8
Chromotography
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You put a solvent in a beaker and put one ink spot on a pencil drawn line on filter paper that is high enough to not be submerged. The solvent will soak up the filter paper and separate out each component of the ink, leaving you with a chromotogram with ink spots at different places on the filter paper
If any of the dyes in the ink are insoluble, they will stay at the base line
Chromatography has two phases - mobile and stationary. The mobile phase is when molecules can move (liquid or gas). The stationary phases is when the molecules can't move (solid or really thick liquid)
Tests for gases
The test for chlorine is damp litmus paper. If the paper turns white, chlorine is present
The test for oxygen is the glowing splint. If you put a glowing splint in oxygen, it will re-light
The test for carbon dioxide is shaking calcium hydroxide. If the limewater turns cloudy, carbon dioxide is present
The test for hydrogen is putting a lit splint at the open end of a test tube of hydrogen. If hydrogen is present, there will be a squeaky pop because the hydrogen is burning quickly with the oxygen in the air
Purity and formulations
Purity
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The boiling or melting point tells you how pure a substance is. You can test the purity by measuring the boiling point.
The closer the measured value is to the actual melting or boiling point, the purer the substance. The lower the boiling point, the more impurities it has
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Formulations
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Examples of formulations are paint. Paint is made up pigment, solvent, binder and additives
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