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Politics - Coggle Diagram

- - - - No inherited wealth
      - Free education
      - centralised control of industries
    - - The economy generates an ideology: everyone has value judgements
      - Modern work is insecure: capitalism forces production
      - The capitalist society teaches us to be anxious, competitive, conformist, and politically complacent:
  - - - Charismatic authority
        
        Leader-centred
        
        possesses the superior power of charisma to rally diverse and conflict-prone people behind him. His power comes from the massive trust and almost unbreakable faith people put in him.
      - Traditional Authority
        
        the prevailing order in society gives him the mandate to rule
      - legal-rational authority
        
        grounded in clearly defined laws
        
        The obedience of people is not based on the capacity of any leader but on the legitimacy and competence that procedures and laws bestow upon persons in authority
    - - Political achievement:
        Social progress
        Economic growth
        political stability
  - - - For the government to protect the natural rights of American citizens, people would have to see the government as an authority they must respect.
      - The government then has exclusive rights to manage the state in order to protect the essential freedoms.
- - - - How to upkeep peace and Social contract
        trade off: public interest and democracy
        
        Poor governance exploits Underlying fears to expand their power
      - where is power centred? State/people
        not fixed by nature, varies in different nations
        oppressive vs liberal state
      - What defines a typical citizen?
        depends on geography/culture
    - - citizens accept specific ways of life
        determined by a group with centralised power and authority
      - Risk society: facing unprecedented risks that the government will need to address
        more uncertainty in these risks
      - Elements
        
        People
        Territory
        government
        sovereignty
        
        A community of persons occupying a definite territory, having an organised government and enjoying independence from foreign control
      - State vs Ntion: state is more of a concept: nation involves more race and ethics
  - - - Governance: how the government exerts influence on the state
        may look as if democracy is impeded
  - - - acceptable limitation on personal freedom
        
        Fraternity solves the contradiction between equality and liberty
- - - - Business ethics POV?
  - - - Russia’s transition to democracy failed
        Iran, Egypt, Afghanistan are not ready for democracy
      - A functioning state and citizens’ pragmatic needs should be prioritised over democracy
      - Democracy is contingent on social-political and cultural conditions
  - - - Security interest of both parties are linked (common challenges)
- - - - The majority devalues the minority with differing preferences
        Need to introduce systems that protect minority interests
    - - Voting under false beliefs produce elected representatives to enact policies that enforce these beliefs, leading to persistently flawed policies
      - The government claims to be able to make more rational decisions
    - - Freedom and equality
        political participation
        Educated citizenry
        Protection of minorities
    - - Real decision-making power rests in the hands of a minority
      - Elite Theory: Your candidates are preselected. Your votes just ordain them
        (engineered process)
    - - More voters
        more opinions
        Difficult to reach consensus
- - - - Brain hacking
        no effective regulatory framework for internet platforms
        lack of political will to create one
      - Erosion of legitimacy of free press/institutions
        e.g. Al Jazeera, Bloomberg,