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Neuroblastoma- Lauren Spangler, RESOURCES: Clinic, M. (2019, October 09).…

- - - - Rapid tumor progression and poor prognosis
    - - Associated with lower disease stages
    - - Most common and gives poor prognosis
  - - - The neuroblast continues to grow and divide
        
        Neuroblastoma develops based on where the growth of neuroblast occurred
- - - - 800 cases a year
      - 15% of cancer deaths in children
      - 5 year survival rate is 81%
  - - - 95% or higher survival rate
    - - 90-95% survival rate
    - - 40-50% survival rate
- - - - Check for the physical clinical manifestations and ask about Childs habits and behaviors
    - - Check for chemicals that result from neuroblastoma cells producing catecholamines
    - - Reveals masses/tumors
        
        X-ray, ultrasound, CT scan, MIBG scan, MRI, etc.
    - - Helps determine the cells and what treatment is best
    - - Used to see if cancer has spread to bone marrow
        
        needle inserted into hipbone or lower back
    - - X-rays, bone scans, CT scan, MRI, MIBG scan
        
        See if the cancer has spread
- - - - Help to shrink/eliminate cancer cells
  - - - External beam radiation
        
        most common type; high-energy rays are shot at the tumor from outside of body, allowing the rest of the body to be affected as little as possible
      - Radioisotope based radiation
        
        Comes from naturally decaying atoms; weakens and destroys particular cells
  - - - 5 months of intensive chemo and surgery likely before stem cell transplant
  - - - 13-cis-retinoic acid(isotretinoin) reduces risk of the cancer returning after high-dose chemo/ stem cell transplant
        
        Taken as a capsule, twice a day for 2 weeks, with then 2 weeks off for 6 moths
  - - - Monoclonal antibodies
        
        Man-made immune system proteins; made to attack specific target; injected into body to seek/attach to cancer cells
        
        Dinutuximab attaches to GD2 (found on surface of neuroblastoma cell) and helps the child's immune system destroy the cancer cell
        
        Routine treatment for high risk children after a stem cell transplant