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HASS term 4 Civics & Citizenship - Coggle Diagram
HASS term 4 Civics & Citizenship
Braeden Neil
week 1
introduction to Civics and Citizenship
Civics: the study of the Rights & Responsibilities of Citizens within a society or country
Citizenship: a term used to describe the act or status of being a Citizen of a society
the six key concepts
Democracy
• A system of government
• People elect representatives to make laws for them
• Originated in Greece(direct)
• Australia has representative
• Voting is compulsory
democratic values
• Beliefs and ideals that our help by society in the democracy
• Respect, equality, fairness and freedom
• We are free to say and do many things
Understanding the democratic values tells us if a government is running a true democracy
justice
• Justice means different things to different people eg. Pay back or fairness
• In Australia the justice system means treating other people in a manner that is fair and balanced
• The justice system encourages the key principles and procedures such as the right to a fair trial and innocent until proven guilty.
Enforce laws and rights so the society is fair.
participation
• Refers to citizens contributing or taking part in society
• The ways citizens contribute to society is voting, serving on a jury and paying taxes
• It helps the government deliver services to society which we benefit from.
By participating in voting you can choose who you think will govern your country the best.
The Westminster System
our government is based on this system which is a form of parliament that originated in the United Kingdom. this system has also been adopted by New Zealand and Canada
there is a upper house and a lower house, a head of state or sovereign, the head of the government the Prime Minister (PM)
key terms
Citizenship: the status of being a citizen and the rights and responsibilities of citizens
Civics: the study of the rights + responsibilities of citizens
Government: elected member of parliament who make decisions for their nation
Multiculturalism: people from different cultures living together peacefully
Parliament: a group of people elected to represent their area + make lass on their behalf
Parliamentary democracy: a system of government where people elect representatives to parliament.
Rights & Responsibilities
Rights
a moral or legal entitlement to have or do something.
a right that we have is to have a education
Responsibilities
a thing which one is required to do as part of a job, role, or legal obligation.
a responsibility that we have as a citizen is to attend school
what is democracy
a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.
week 2
why do we need laws
laws protect us
laws help settle disputes
keep peace in our community
laws give us guidelines
laws protect our rights
legal vs non-legal
legal laws are laws that we must follow and if we break those laws they have consequences
a legal law would be not drinking whilst driving
non-legal laws are laws that we follow but if we break those laws the punishments are less harsh. non-legal laws are called rules
a non-legal law is taking out the trash
common law
not covered by statutory law so judge must decide. decision becomes a precedent and is used in future cases
statutory law
laws made and passed by parliament
the path of a bill through parliament
lower house (House of Representatives)
house committee
consideration in detail
2nd reading
3rd reading
1st reading
upper house (Senate)
senate committee
committee of the whole
2nd reading
3rd reading
1st reading
Governor General
royal assent
bill becomes an act of parliament
week 3
civil law
deal with disputes between individuals or organisations.
Aim is not to punish, but to right any wrong done
Can sue a person/company for damages
Defamation: ruining some ones reputation
Negligence: individual or organisation fails to take care to avoid injury or loss to another individual
it is similar to criminal law because re both put in place to keep us safe
accept it deal with less serious offences than criminal law
customary law
unofficial law passed down by word of mouth/ linked to culture of people
indigenous people still use it today
sometimes disagrees with statutory law
criminal law
Legal system punishes people who break this law
Results in imprisonment, bad behaviour bond
laws that protect people from harm. Its a crime to break one of these.
week 4
test revision
test 1
week 5
5 freedoms
freedom of assembly: allows people to meet in groups for social or political purposes. the ability to assemble and protest is a big part of our democracy.
freedom of movement: the right for a citizen to travel throughout all states and territories in Australia. Also the ability to leave and re enter when ever you want.
freedom of religion: Australians are free to practice any religion or no religion at all. no religious rules can override the law
freedom of association: people in our country are free to join any group or organization that they wish to. that means someone can join a group without the fear of prosecution.
freedom of speech: freedom of speech allows a person to actively participate in Australia's democracy. it is not protected by the Constitution but is encouraged by the culture of our society
test revision
week 6
essay
complete mindmap