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Climate Change & Disasters - Coggle Diagram
Climate Change & Disasters
Intro
CI
climate change
doubling of natural disasters
in the past 20 years-UN
Climate disasters
generally have disproportionate
impact on lives of disadvantaged people
who are
least responsible
for contributing
to climate change
but most vulnerable
to their lives, homes and families
D/F
vicious circle
loss of billions tonnes of Ice
increase global temperature
by additional 0.4 degrees celsius
highlighting
danger of
vicious circle
of warming
UNWMO
U.N.’s World Meteorological Organization
past six years 2015-20
hottest years since
modern records began in1850
in provisional 2020 state of the Global Climate report.
World Risk Index 2020
India´s 4th most-at-risk country in south asia
after BAN,AFGHAN,PAK
climate disasters
contribute to displacement
and migration in India
In 2018 alone
nearly 2.7 million Indians
due to climate induced distress
UN figures suggest
Women and children
facing brunt of climate-induced migration
as per 2016 report
only 0.01% of global funding
spent on projects
addressing both
climate change and gender.
IUCN
established environmental stress
leads to gender based violence
MB
D/F CAP-TAW
UN office
for Disaster Risk Reduction said
7348 major disaster events
occured between 2000-2019
4.2 billion people affected
cost and global economy
$2.97 trillion
Melting Ice
Decades of studies
Earth melting ice
contribute to sea level rise
Antarctica and Greenland
alone contain enough
frozen water to boost
oceans height
by around 60 meters
Albedo
Main driver of temp gain
from ice loss
due to process
known as albedo feedback
in which heat reflective
bright ice
replaced by absorbant
darker sea water and soil
UNWMO
2020 provisional State of the Global Climate report
GHG
in the atmosphere
main driver of climate change
hit record highs last years
2020 saw
new extreme temperature on land, sea
and especially in Artic
Wildfires
vast areas in AUS, Siberia
US west coast and South America
UN’s annual Production Gap assessment
Said must fall 6% a year
in Oil, Gas, and Coal Production
in order to limit
catastrophic global warming
India
witnessed 250 extreme
climate events btw 1970-05
after 2005
country recorded 310 extreme
climate events
Intensity of floods
increased eightfold
associated events
landslides and heavy rainfall
increased by over 20 times since 1970
Drought-affected districts
increased by 13 times
over last 2 decades
frequency of cyclones
doubled
swapping trend
over 40% indian districts
flood-prone areas
becoming drought-prone
and vice-versa
BP/GE/IS
Environmental and ecological impact
Studies show
northeast monsoon rainfall displays
sig variation and climate models
inaccurate in their forecasts
Design research programmes
better analyse
vagaries of the northeast monsoon
India
needs better science
to prepare more
effective disaster management
odds
failed to act on science
early warnings
to invest in prevention
climate change adaption
disaster risk reduction
Govt
not enough to prevent
climate hazards
sharp increase
in climate related disasters
including
extreme weather events like
floods, heat drought and storms.
Climate-induced
migration and displacement
yet to find
attention of political discourse
and public policy
way ahead
Recognise and define climate migrants
create legal frameworks
to grant them their rights
recovery from
climate disasters
gender perspective is important
adopt
gender-sensitive responses
to climate-induced migration.
Large-scale construction projects
assessed for GHG emissions
environmental degradation
impact
on the lives of local people
and resources
increase spending
on R&D to make housing
more climate resilient
create
Environment and Health
De-risking Mission
to increase emergency
preparedness
secure critical resources
build resilient infrastructure
governance systems to counter
climate events
focus on democratising
local climate and weather related data
integrating risk projections
in national, sub-national
district and climate plans
ecosystem conservation
Restoration, revival, and recreation
of traditional climate-resilient practices
comprehensive Climate Risk Atlas
risk-informed decision making
toolkit for policymakers
better prepare
against extreme climate events
play pivotal role
attracting private investments
Example
Current Issue
Community-based Volunteer force associated with
Assam State Disaster Management Authority (ASDMA)
Eastern Assam district
two concurrent disasters
Flood
Blowout natural gas
Helping
Administration and Police
Controlling crowds
Enforce COVID-19 protocols
rescuing flood-affected people
provide non-medical services
Uttarakhand Tragedy
Issue
Failure to draw balance btw
fragile ecosystems and topography
and development imperatives
compounded by
climate-change effects
Warming
could have led to formation of hitherto
undetected proglacial lakes
Link Title
S&E
Dams and Damages
use of explosives
for construction of infra projects
in the fragile Himalayan Ecosystem
construction material
dumped into rivers
deforestation
while afforestation is the norm
it is iften flouted
floods
cause immense damage
in downstream areas
threat of earthquakes
most area fall under
seismic zone-4 and 5
Himalayan glaciers
receding and disintegrating
as a result of climate change