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VICTORIAN AGE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - More democratic government than all over Europe, because there was the possibility to vote for many people (not only aristocrats). With the 3 reform bills, the whole male population could vote. (females could vote in 1918).
        
        middle class could vote (1867)
        
        agricultural workers and miners (1864).
        
        At the beginning only the big industrialists (1832)
      - Factory Act : 10 hour act, children couldn’t work more than 10 hours a day
        
        Another act said that children could not work until they were 9 years old.
      - In the past there were no holidays, no health benefits, no pensions.
      - There was a great gap between the haves and the have nots (rich and poor), the rich people became more rich, and the poor became more poor.
        workhouses were built, these were places where you’d go when you were too poor to live. In exchange for their accommodation, the workers had to suffer whilst working long shifts and they would also be exploited. Children, women and men were divided.
      - In the victorian age there were 3 main ideas:
        
        Social Darwinism → Darwin’s theory of evolution applied to society, the scientist wrote the book “the origins of species”, where he explained the law of the fittest. The weakest succumb would die and only the best genes would carry on into the next generation. The species evolved in this way, and only the strongest could survive. Unfortunately this idea was applied to society, which meant that if you were poor and you died it was scientifically justified. The weakest would die, the strongest (the upper classes) would survive. They also thought that the British society was the best.
        
        Puritanism → relation between wealth and virtue. It was a justification for the way that you lived.
        
        Utilitarianism → philosophical/economical theory: they must reach the greatest happiness for the greatest part of the population. What is useful and profitable must be searched.In the 1840s this led the Irish to starve to death because there was a famine in Ireland, and English people didn’t do anything as it would have negatively impacted the British’s lives.