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9.4.2 The Interrelationship between software and hardware - Coggle Diagram
9.4.2 The Interrelationship between software and hardware
Representation of data within the computer
1.
Character representation
ASCII
Unicode
Representation of data using different number systems
binary
hexadecimal
decimal
3.
Integer representation
Sign and modulus
1's complement
2's complement
4.
Floating point/real representation
very large positive and negative values
very small positive and negative values
integer and non-integer values
limitations
5.
Binary arithmetic
addition
subtraction using 2's complement
multiplication (shift and add(
division (shift and subtract)
Electronic circuits to perform standard software operations
Logic gates
AND
OR
NOT
NAND
NOR
XOR
Truth tables
Specialty circuits
half adder
full adder
flip flop
Boolean algebra
describing a circuit
simplifying an existing circuit
Circuit design steps
identify inputs and outputs
identify required components
check solution with a truth table
evaluate the circuit design
Programming of hardware devices
The data stream
Format of the data stream
header information
data block
trailer information
use of control characters
use of hardware specifications to describe the
expected format of the data stream
Processing an input data stream from sensors and other devices
the structure of the data stream
the need to recognise and strip control
characters
the need to identify the data characters
interpreting the data stream
Generating output to an appropriate device
determining the purpose of the output
the structure of the data stream
required header information
the need for control characters
specification of data characters
required trailer information
issues with interpreting data streams