Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
NEURONS AND NEUROTRANSMITTERS - Coggle Diagram
NEURONS AND NEUROTRANSMITTERS
NEURONS
they are composed by
Axons
-Drive the nervous pulse to another neutron.
Dendrites
-Receive signals coming from other neutrons.
Cell body
-Contains the nucleus and the genetic information.
Nervous pulse
-Used as a language between neurons.
they can be classified by the
Structure
Bipolar
-Two prolongations.
Multipolar
-One axon and many dendrites.
Unipolar
-With one prolongation.
Function
Motor
(or efferent)
-Transmit information from the spinal cord and the brain to the muscles and glands.
Towards the outside
Interneurons
-Gather sensitive nervous pulses and transmit them to the motor neurons.
Sensitive
(or afferent)
-Sensible to stimuli like temperature, touch...
-Send information from the sensitive organs of the body to the spinal cord and the brain.
Towards the inside
The synapses
-Connection between two neurons in order to exchange information.
kinds
ELECTRIC
-Uses direct flux of electricity between two neurons.
-Fastest of the two.
CHEMICAL
-Uses neurotransmitters.
-They differ in that it's the receiver who decides if the information is exciting or inhibiting.
NEUROTRANSMITTERS
-Combinations of elemental molecules that communicate neurons between them.
Dopamine
-Regulates
motor activity
and the response levels in many parts of the brain.
-It can cause
pleasure, addiction, movement and motivation
.
--- can cause Parkinson's
++++ schizophrenia
Serotonin
-It regulates
Ingest control
Sleep
Mood
Pain
--- depression
Noradrenaline
-Acts in
times of emergency
-Activated by the
fight or flight
instinct.
-Accelerates the heart, dilates the bronchi and raises arterial pressure, increasing blood flow.
Acetylcholine
-Involved in thought, learning and memory.
-Acts as a messenger between the motor neurons and the muscles, activating movement.
Endorphins
-They regulate pain.
-They give a calm sensation.