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Branches, Alkane - Coggle Diagram
Branches
Alkyl Group
Prefix - Alkenes minus a hydrogen
Eg. Methyl Butane
Methyl is methane as a methyl group
Aldehyde
Suffix - Al
Eg. Propanol
No number needed as it can only be on the end
Halokane
Prefix - Flora (flourine), Chloro (Chlorine), Bromo (Bromine), Iodo (Iodine)
Eg. 1chloropropane
Alcohol
Suffix - Ol
Eg. Propan-2-ol
Ketones
Suffix - one
Eg. Pentan-3-one
Carboxylic Acid
Prefix - oic
Eg. Butanoic Acid
Acyl Chloride
Prefix - Oyl Chloride
Eg. Proponoyl Chloride
Ester
Prefix - Oate
Eg. Methyl Ethanoate
Alkane
Formula
Methane - CH4
Ethane - C2H6
Propane - C3H8
Butane - C4H10
Pentane - C5H12
Hexane - C6H14
Heptane - C7H16
Octane - C8H18
Nonane - C9H20
Decane - C10H22
Alkanes are saturated
Saturated - only contain single bonds
Carbon atoms must have 4 bonds
Hydrogen atoms must have 1 bond
Di - 2. Tri - 3. Tetra - 4
General Formula
Cn H2n + 2
Homologous
A series of organic compounds that successively differs by a CH2 group