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Addison's Disease - Coggle Diagram
Addison's Disease
Clinical Manifestations
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Low blood pressure, even fainting
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Nausea, diarrhea or vomiting (gastrointestinal symptoms)
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Incidence/Prevalence
Approximately 1 in 100,000 people in United States have Addison’s disease. The overall prevalence is estimated to be between 40 and 60 people per million of the general population
The incidence is 0.6/100,000 of the population per year
The total number of people affected by this condition at a given time 4 to 11/100,000 of the population
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Sources
Huether, S. E., McCance, K. L., & Brashers, V. L. (2020). Understanding pathophysiology. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
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Diagnostics
Blood test: Measures your blood levels of sodium, potassium, cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce its hormones
ACTH stimulation test: This test measures the level of cortisol in your blood before and after an injection of synthetic ACTH
Insulin-induced hypoglycemia test: The test involves checking your blood sugar (blood glucose) and cortisol levels after an injection of insulin
Imaging tests: Computerized tomography (CT) scan of your abdomen to check the size of your adrenal glands and look for other abnormalities
Treatments
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Hydrocortisone (Cortef), prednisone or methylprednisolone to replace cortisol
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Pathogenesis
It can be characterized by inadequate corticosteroid and mineralocorticoid synthesis and elevated levels of serum ACTH
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