Electoral Systems

Questions

Complementarities of electoral and political sistems. Moving from majoritarian to proportional.

Alternative
vote

Lectures

Dimensions

Ballot structure

Electoral
formula

Majoritarian

Two-round
System

Alternative
vote

First past the post

One candidate in each constityency per party

One vote per citizen

One vote per citizen

Second round if candidates don't get 50% (or other)

Candidate with most votes wins.

One candidate in each constityency per party

Citizens rank

Elimination and continius conting until 50%

Propotional

Closed

Open

Vote for the party list

Vote for the candidate

Mixed

Independent

Dependent

Dependent on the distribution of seats in majoritarian systems (compensate)

Independent on the distribution of seats in majoritarian system

Sustainable
institutional design

Polarize groups
MR are ill-advised

Polarization

Identity

Easy to vote and count

New cases (Maine)

PR

Lower politicans quality

But it depend on minorities concentration and size

Increase the number of parties.

Effect of heterogeneity
(United States by state)

Effect of quotas

Electoral reforms

Distric Magnitude

Only feasible if increase ruling partie's vote share

One candidate in each constityency per party

Effective threshold are decreasing

Move from MR to PR

More engranchised voters

New parties strong but np dominant

Gerrymandering

Readings

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