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Forensic Identification, also creates, to, by, using, ex., used in, ex.,…
Forensic Identification
start by asking
Who
Is involved?
first officer on scene
duties include
secure scene
prevent contamination
establishing "path of contamination"
also used by
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safety & control
specialized officer
received specialized training
duties include
same as
forensic scientist
forensic identification officer
is fundamental to this field?
Dr. Edmond Locard
"every contact leaves a trace"
central dogma of forensic science
is it for / is the audience?
the public
ie. facial approximation models
court of law
jurors
judge
What
are the processes of forensic identification?
include
comparison
whether Q & K from same source?
crucial for all types of ID
evaluation
verification
ducumentation
of evidence
technology
photography
important for
all
types of forensic ID
scanning tech.
laser
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shooting reconstruction
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bloodstain pattern analysis
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mapping crime scene
lidar
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manual tools
casting
footwear impression
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stringing
bloodstain pattern analysis
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shooting reconstruction
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of crime scene conditions
witness testimony
investigation
analysis
testify in court
enhancement
collection of evidence
hypothesize
are the disciplines / types?
includes
biological
DNA
could be
blood
can lead to
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urine
semen
skin
trace evidence
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hair
facial approximation
process include
create likeness
present to public
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combination of knowledge in
anthropology
osteology
anatomy
how is it done?
manual
American method
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digital
advantages include
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partially
non-biological
fingerprint / friction ridge
biological basis
persistent throughout life
unique & never repeated
made of ridge units
deposits include mix of
eccrine sweat
sebaceous oil
foreign particles
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vary within limits
levels of detail
overall ridge flow (naked eye)
characteristics & details (magnifying glass)
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can only lead to exclusions
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orientation
pattern type
examination methods
CA glue fuming
use of chemicals
Rhodamine 6G
Basic Yellow 40
Ardox
use of forensic light sources
tracer laser
blue light
uv
ex.
use of filters
same method does not work for everything, need to use different combinations / methods
applies as well
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depends on substrate
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footwear impression
includes
2D
photographing both require
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impression methods
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oblique lighting for photographing
3D
impression methods
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angled lighting for photographing
shooting scene reconstruction
based on
physical evidence
documented by using
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same for all disciplines of forensic ID
≠
recreation
based on
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has less weight in trial
is the ultimate goal / purpose?
present evidence in court of law
same for all types of forensic identification
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