Project Methodologies and Processes
Definition of Project Methodologies
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Project Management Methodology is a strictly defined combination of logically related practices, methods and processes that determine how best to plan, develop, control and deliver a project throughout the continuous implementation process until successful completion and termination.
Project Life Cycle The project life cycle is a 4-step framework designed to help project managers guide their projects successfully from start to finish. The purpose of the project life cycle is to create an easy to follow framework to guide projects
Project Phases
Fast Tracking
Phase Exits, Stage Gates, Kill Points
Allows the organization to evaluate project performance and take immediate action to correct errors or problems
These are the phase-end review of key deliverables
Can be used to reduce the project schedule
Starting the next phase of a project before approval is obtained for the current phase
Can be risky and should only be done when the risk is acceptable
Knowledge Areas
Project integration management
Project scope management
Project time management
Project cost management
Project quality management
Project human resource management
Project communications management
Project risk management
Project procurement management
Project stakeholder management
PMBOK® Project Management Process Groups
Initiating
Planning
Executing
Monitoring and Controlling
Closing
The PRINCE2® – Seven (7) Processes
Start Project
Initiate Project
Direct Project
Control Stage
Manage Product Delivery
Manage Stage Boundaries
Close Project
The PRINCE2® – Themes (guidelines to aid project goal achievement)
Business Case
Organization
Risk
Quality
Planning
Change
Progress
The PRINCE2® – Principles (Universal guidance for all projects)
Product Focus
Lessons Learned
Manage the Stage
Adapt to the Project
Manage by Exception
only significant deviations from a budget or plan are brought to the attention of management. The idea behind it is that management's attention will be focused only on those areas in need of action.
Accountability
Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)Planning
Systems development life cycle phases include planning, system analysis, system design, development, implementation, integration and testing, and operations and maintenance.
Planning
Analysis
Implementation
Design
Maintenance and Support
Implementing the SDLC
Defines all of the subphases and deliverables associated with the Execute and Control Project Management Life Cycle phase.
Waterfall
Agile
Business Case Driven
The overall goal of each Agile method is to adapt to change and deliver working software as quickly as possible. As an example, the full Agile software development lifecycle includes the concept, inception, construction, release, production, and retirement phases.
Themes or Categories
Customer
Product
Project Team
Performance
Agile Methods
XP
Scrum
-User requirements first documented as user stories
-Document user stories in an object oriented model called a class diagram
-Transfers the system in a series of versions called releases
Daily scrum – short stand-up meeting
Sprint – iterations lasting a few weeks (usually) and delivers a complete product
Product backlog – team prioritizes features that need to be developed/delivered
Three important roles:Three important roles:
Scrum master – similar to project manager
Product owner – represents the business side, ensures the most important features are included
Development team – responsible for delivering a quality product or system
learning cycle
Team Learning
Define and Plan
Execute, Close, and Evaluate
Define Project Goal
-The project goal should be focused on providing business value to the organization
-Provides a clear focus and drives the other phases of the project
-How will we know if this project is successful given the time, money, and resources invested?
Plan Project
-Project Objectives
-Resources Controls
Execute Project Plan
- Manage the project scope, schedule, budget, and people to ensure the project achieves its goal
- Progress must be documented and compared to the baseline plan
- Project performance must be communicated to all of the stakeholders
Close and Evaluate Project
- Ensures that all of the work is completed as planned
- Final project report and presentation to the client
- Postmortem review
- Lessons learned and best practices documented and shared