Project Methodologies and Processes

Definition of Project Methodologies

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Project Management Methodology is a strictly defined combination of logically related practices, methods and processes that determine how best to plan, develop, control and deliver a project throughout the continuous implementation process until successful completion and termination.

Project Life Cycle The project life cycle is a 4-step framework designed to help project managers guide their projects successfully from start to finish. The purpose of the project life cycle is to create an easy to follow framework to guide projects

Project Phases

Fast Tracking

Phase Exits, Stage Gates, Kill Points

Allows the organization to evaluate project performance and take immediate action to correct errors or problems

These are the phase-end review of key deliverables

Can be used to reduce the project schedule

Starting the next phase of a project before approval is obtained for the current phase

Can be risky and should only be done when the risk is acceptable

Knowledge Areas

Project integration management

Project scope management

Project time management

Project cost management

Project quality management

Project human resource management

Project communications management

Project risk management

Project procurement management

Project stakeholder management

PMBOK® Project Management Process Groups

Initiating

Planning

Executing

Monitoring and Controlling

Closing

The PRINCE2® – Seven (7) Processes

Start Project

Initiate Project

Direct Project

Control Stage

Manage Product Delivery

Manage Stage Boundaries

Close Project

The PRINCE2® – Themes (guidelines to aid project goal achievement)

Business Case

Organization

Risk

Quality

Planning

Change

Progress

The PRINCE2® – Principles (Universal guidance for all projects)

Product Focus

Lessons Learned

Manage the Stage

Adapt to the Project

Manage by Exception

only significant deviations from a budget or plan are brought to the attention of management. The idea behind it is that management's attention will be focused only on those areas in need of action.

Accountability

Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)Planning

Systems development life cycle phases include planning, system analysis, system design, development, implementation, integration and testing, and operations and maintenance.

Planning

Analysis

Implementation

Design

Maintenance and Support

Implementing the SDLC

Defines all of the subphases and deliverables associated with the Execute and Control Project Management Life Cycle phase.

Waterfall

Agile

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Business Case Driven

The overall goal of each Agile method is to adapt to change and deliver working software as quickly as possible. As an example, the full Agile software development lifecycle includes the concept, inception, construction, release, production, and retirement phases.

Themes or Categories

Customer

Product

Project Team

Performance

Agile Methods

XP

Scrum

-User requirements first documented as user stories
-Document user stories in an object oriented model called a class diagram
-Transfers the system in a series of versions called releases

Daily scrum – short stand-up meeting

Sprint – iterations lasting a few weeks (usually) and delivers a complete product

Product backlog – team prioritizes features that need to be developed/delivered

Three important roles:Three important roles:
Scrum master – similar to project manager
Product owner – represents the business side, ensures the most important features are included
Development team – responsible for delivering a quality product or system

learning cycle

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Team Learning

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Define and Plan

Execute, Close, and Evaluate

Define Project Goal
-The project goal should be focused on providing business value to the organization
-Provides a clear focus and drives the other phases of the project
-How will we know if this project is successful given the time, money, and resources invested?

Plan Project
-Project Objectives
-Resources Controls

Execute Project Plan

  • Manage the project scope, schedule, budget, and people to ensure the project achieves its goal
  • Progress must be documented and compared to the baseline plan
  • Project performance must be communicated to all of the stakeholders

Close and Evaluate Project

  • Ensures that all of the work is completed as planned
  • Final project report and presentation to the client
    • Postmortem review
  • Lessons learned and best practices documented and shared