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WAVE - Coggle Diagram
WAVE
Standing Waves on a String
Nodes
the points where the string never moves
x=nπ/k
Antinodes
the points at which the amplitude of string motion is greates
Asw=2A
Standing waves amplitude is twice the amplitude of the original travelling waves.
It does not transfer energy from one end to another. Two waves that form it will indivually carry equal amounts of power in opposite direction.
y(x,t)=(A sin kx) sin wt
Occurs when L is an integer of λ/2
Wavelength
λn = 2L/n
Fundamental frequency
fn = nf1
Two types
Mechanical Wave
requires a medium to propagate
Kinds
Tranverse Wave
the displacement of medium is perpendicular to the direction of propagation of wave.
Crest
Highest point of the wave
Trough
Lowest point of the wave
Longitudinal Wave
the direction of motion of particle and direction of propagation of wave are the same.
Compression
region of high particle density
Rarefaction
region of low particle density
Electromagnetic Wave
do not require a medium and can travel through vacuum
Principle of Superposition
when two waves overlap, the actual displacement of any point on the string at any time is obtained by adding the displacement of individual waves at that same location
y(x,t) = y1(x,t) + y2(x,t)
Period
time for one wavelength to pass a point
T=1/f
Frequency
number of wavelengths that pass a point each second
f=1/T
Amplitude
maximum distance between peak of wave and equilibrium
Wavelength
distance between to adjacent pulses
λ=v/f
Wave Intensity
time average of which energy is transported by wave, per unit area across a surface perpendicular to the direction of propagation
Wave Interference
refers to what happen when waves overlaps in the same region of medium
Constructive
Destructive
Boundary Conditions
the conditions at the end of the string
Sinusoidal wave
periodic waves with simple harmonic motion
Wave equation
y(x,t)=Acos(kx-wt)
determine the movement and height of the wave on any position at any time
wave speed
the speed of propagation
v=λf
Disturbance that carries energy