Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Topic B1 - Cell Biology - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Nucleus - The genetic material controls what the cells does.
      - Cytoplasm - where most of the chemical reactions happen.
      - Cell membrane - controls what goes in and out of the cell.
      - Ribosomes - these are where proteins are made in the cell.
      - Mitochondria - where the most aerobic respiration happens. Respiration transfers energy that the cell need to work.
    - - Chloroplasts - where photosynthesis happens. Photosynthesis makes food for the plant.
      - A cell wall - made of cellulose. it supports the cell and strengthens it.
      - A permanent vacuole - contains the cell sap.
- - - - 1) Add a drop of water to the middle of a clean slide.
      - 2) Cut up a onion and take off one layer.
      - 3) Use tweezers to peel off some epidermal tissue ( the clear skin) from the bottom of the layer
      - 4) Using the tweezers, place the skin into the water on the slide.
      - 5) Add a drop of iodine solution. Iodine solution is as stain. Stains can make different parts of a cell easier to see.
      - 6) Place a cover slip on top. Try not to get any air bubbles under it.
    - - 1) Clip the slide onto the stage.
      - 2) Select the objective lens with the lowest magnification.
      - 3) Use the coarse adjustment knob to move the stage up to just below the objective lens.
      - 4) Look down the eyepiece. Move the stage downwards until the image is roughly in focus.
      - 5) Move the fine adjustment knob, until you get a clear image of what's on the slide.
      - 6) If you want a bigger image, use an objective lens with a higher magnification and refocus.
    - - 1) You should use a pencil with a sharp point to draw what you see under the microscope.
      - 2) Use smoot lines to draw the outlines of the main features (e.g. nucleus, chloroplasts).
      - 3) Don't day any shading or coloring in.
      - 4) Label the features with straight lines. Make sure the lines don't cross over each other.
      - 5) The drawing should take up at least half the space available.
      - 6) Include a title and a scale.
      - 7) Write down the magnification that it was observed under.
- - - - A sperm cells has a tail to help it swim to the egg
      - It has a lot of mitochondria. These provide energy for swimming.
    - - Nerve cells are long to cover more distance in the body.
      - They have branches at the end of connect to other nerve cells
    - - Muscle cells are long so they have space ton contract.
      - They have lots of mitochondria. These provide energy for contracting.
    - - Root hair cells grown into long "hairs" that stick out into the soil.
      - The gives that plant a big surface area for absorbing area for absorbing water and mineral ions from the soil.
    - - Phloem and xylem cells from phloem and xylem tubes.
      - To from the tubes, the cells are long and joined end to end.
      - Xylem cells are hollow and phloem cells have very few subcellular structures So there's lots of space inside that cells for stuff to flow through them.