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Romantic period C.1820-1900 - Coggle Diagram
Romantic period C.1820-1900
They valued emotional feeling
The instrumental pieces were considered a pure art form unburdened with words
They were inspired by:
Emotional nature of humans
Nature
Myths and Legends
Past Composers
Supernaturalism
Nationalism
Interest in literature and art
Creating new musical
harmonies/melodies/structures
Changes to instruments and the orchestra
The tuba was added to the orchestra Bass section
Valves were introduced to the Brass Section
New woodwind instruments
The percussion section exploded in size (Addition of drums, xylophones etc)
Number of instruments in each section increased (more dynamic contrast and more composing possibilities)
Virtuosic writing and playing
Amateur choirs became more common than professional ones
Oratorios, Masses and Requiem Masses, Sabat Mater (A hymn for Mary), cantata (Music for Voice), Passion
Catholic churches tended not to use amateurs but clerics and choirboys. Women generally did not perform in church
Schubert produced 2 exemplary masses one in Eb minor and one in A flat
Composers began to integrate past musical styles into their works where appropriate e.g Bach
In the 19th Century the term A Capella came to mean unaccompanied
New music was composed using Bach as a model and women were singing in the choir and served as professional organ players in the protestant church
Important composers included:
Schubert
Schumann
Brahms
R.Strauss
Debussy
Ravel
There was a growth in piano music. It had 3 main purposes 1) Teaching 2) Amateur enjoyment 3) Public performance
Programme music was music that attempted to depict ideas e.g animals or nature, through purely instrumental music
Building of concert Halls, publishing houses and the growth of professional Orchestras and choral societies
Growth in Amateur music making
Beethovens pastoral 6th symphony was a turning point in an emphasis on music reflecting nature
Composers started to look at their birth place for inspiration for their music rather than just Italian, German and French traditions