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Hygiene II: Industrial Processes - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Risk estimation. A risk is estimated by the consequences that it may give rise to in the event of a trigger (injuries and property damage), and by the probability and frequency of its occurrence (being triggered).
        
        The assessment of uncertainties is a very important aspect of risk assessment. Some of the sources of uncertainty can be quantified, others are treated qualitatively, but always analyzed.
        
        Analysis. Ideally, each of the uncertainties associated with the calculation of exposures should be tracked throughout the risk assessment process to characterize their effects on the final results. Below are some ways to evaluate uncertainties in a quantitative, semi-quantitative and qualitative way.
        
        Risk Factor
        The number of possible contaminants is enormous since they can have very diverse origins. The building occupants themselves can be one of the most important sources since humans naturally produce carbon dioxide (CO2), water vapour, particles and biological aerosols, being at the same time responsible for the presence of
        other pollutants among which the tobacco smoke itself contains more than 3000 compounds, including carbon monoxide (CO), aldehydes, nitrogen oxides, metals, etc.
- - - - Drawing
        It is a cold work operation, intended to reduce the section, calibrate section and harden the material by means of a cone or hard die (row). At industrial level, the drawing allows to obtain wires and bars of medium and small size, as well as tubes (drawing).
        
        Foundation
        It is the process of producing metal parts by pouring molten metal over a hollow mold, usually made of sand. Casting is an ancient art that is still used, although it has been replaced to some extent by other methods such as die casting, forging, extrusion, machining and rolling.
        
        Galvanization
        Batch galvanizing of various articles or "general galvanizing" as it is commonly known, is a procedure for applying a zinc coating on steel or cast iron parts by immersing them in a bath of molten zinc.
        
        Vulcanization
        In 1839, the American inventor Charles Goodyear, based on the findings of scientists, discovered that by baking rubber with sulfur, the undesirable properties of rubber disappeared, in a process called vulcanization. Vulcanized rubber has more elasticity and greater resistance to temperature changes than unvulcanized rubber; it is also impermeable to gases and resistant to abrasion, chemicals, heat and electricity.
- - - - Ventilation
        Insufficient ventilation is one of the most common causes of SEE. Regulations on minimum air intake exist in many countries, but they vary from one to another as well as between non-smoking and smoking areas (range 2.5 - 20 liters per second per person).
        
        Entry lane
        Many of the processes typical of the sectors of activity in which biological contaminants are present are susceptible to producing dust and aerosols to which microorganisms will usually be associated.
        
        Industrial hygiene classifies the contaminants that can be present in the environment of the workplaces into chemical, physical and biological. By biological contaminants we mean microorganisms, including those that have been manipulated
        genetic, cell cultures and human multicellular endoparasites.
        
        Virus
        They are the simplest forms of life, consisting solely of genetic material: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid) and a protein coating.