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Religion - Coggle Diagram

- - - - same preacher = singular set of norms and values (mental cohesion)
  - - - groups will deify items but what they are actually worshiping are symbols of something other than the object
    - - Criticisms of Durkheim: evidence of totemism is unsound and his theories apply better to small-scale societies with a single religion
      - sacred symbols talked about in totemism represent society's collective conscience (shared norms and values)
    - - in order to think clearly we need things like space and time and in order to share these thoughts, we need the same categories as others
  - - - Agrees with Durkheim about social solidarity
      - Trobriand islanders
      - times of life crisis
  - - - Trobriand Islanders fishing
      - At times of life crisis
  - - - sees religion as providing answers to the unanswerable questions
        
        also argues that religion creates society's central values and primary source of meaning
        
        USA - Protestantism sacralised core American values of individualism, meritocracy and self-discipline
      - also helps individuals to cope with adverse events or circumstances and helps maintain stability
  - - - cult of man
      - civil religion
- - - - Substantive: focuses on the content or substance of religion belief eg. belief in God - this is exclusive because it draws a clear line between religion and non-religious beliefs
      - Functional: define it in terms of the social or psychological functions it performs for individuals/society (so this definition is inclusive)
      - Constructionist: take an Interpretivist approach and focuses on how members of society themselves define religion