The Whale Optimization Algorithm
1 Introduction
2 Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA)
2.1 Inspiration
2.2 Mathematical model and optimization algorithm
2.2.1 Encircling prey
2.2.2 Bubble-net attacking method (exploitation phase)
2.2.3 Search for prey (exploration phase)
3 Results and discussion
3.1 Evaluation of exploitation capability (functions F1-F7)
3.2 Evaluation of exploration capability (functions F8-F23)
3.3 Ability to escape from local minima (functions F24-F29)
3.4 Analysis of convergence behavior
4 WOA for classical engineering problems
4.1 Tension/compression spring design
4.2 Welded beam design
4.3 Pressure vessel design
4.4 15-bar truss design
4.5 25-bar truss design
4.6 52-bar truss design
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References