Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

civics and citizenship - Coggle Diagram

- - - - coalition is a political party or group of parties
      - majority rules 50% +1
- - - - believes that government plays strong role
      - wants fairness for low payed workers
      - tries closing the gap between rich and poor
      - core voters: low payed workers
- - - - each state and territory in Australia has a Supreme Court, which gerneral specialises in hearing the most serious cirminal matters like murder.
      - they hear the most complex civl matters, or those involving very large amounts money.
      - each Supreme Court also has an appeal division like the Supreme Court of appeal.
      - the high court of Australia has the power, or jurisdiction, to hear appeals from the state and territory supreme courts of appeal.
      - intermediate courts
        
        referred to as district courts, vernally hear all serious criminal cases except murder and attempts murder, and serious civil cases involving amounts of $100 000.
        
        the power to hear certain types of appeals from magistrates like appeals against the severity or leniency of sentence imposed
        
        lower courts
        
        these courts mainly hear minor criminal offences and civil cases involving amounts under $100 000.
        
        normally involve minor criminal offences.
    - - australia has four federal courts to hear and determine matters involving laws made by the commonwealth
      - these include high courts of Australia, family court of Australia, federal court of Australia and federal circuit court of Australia
      - high court of Australia
        
        the most well known federal court.
        
        has the power to hear many cases including any appeals from any state or territory Supreme Court of appeal and the high court itself
        
        hear cases involving disputes over interpretations of The Australian constitution
        
        family court of Australia
        
        specialise in hearing cases relating to marrriage and divorce disputes
        
        like parenting and property settlement cases
        
        federal court
        
        hear most civil dispute sinvolving commonwealth law
        
        like matter involving industrial relations or the workplace
        
        can also hear appeals from valour courts and tribunals throughout Australia
        
        federal circuit cour of australia
        
        was created to was workload of the federal and family courts to provide a simple and more assessable alternative to the federal court
        
        it hears a range of disputes including those involving family law and child support
- - - - is the intermediate tier in the WA's court system
      - they hear around 7500 criminal and civil cases each year
      - they have the power to hear all indictable or serious criminal offences escaped those where the maximum term of imprisonment that can be imposed is life and a range of civil disputes
      - Supreme Court
        
        is the highest court in WA and consists of two divisions, general division and the court of appeal
        
        Supreme Court of general division has the power to hear all indictable or serious criminal offences, but generally hears the most serious cases such as murder, armed robbery etc. and civil disputes involving unlimited amount of money
        
        Supreme Court of appeal has the power to hear all appeals from decisions made by single judges in the Supreme Court and lower courts
- - - - is when a judge is called to resolve a dispute in which there is existing legislation but the wording of the legislation is unclear and need to be interpreted or given meaning by the judge beeofre it can be applied to resolve the case at hand
      - Woolworths vs strong case
        
        is a case where a woman slips over a greasy patch while on crutched at the front of Woolworths.
        
        this court had to determine whether or not Woolworths has most likely been careless and breached their duty of reasonable care by failing to adequately inspect the floor and remove a grease spot
        
        high court judges agreed with he judge int he original district court by ruling the Woolworths was responsible for the woman's injury and awarded her over $580 000 in damages to compensate for her losses
        
        this then set a broad precedent that it was reasonable for supermarkets and other stores to inspect and clean floor located near food courts and high traffic areas every 20 minutes.
- - - - involve disputes between individuals over an alleged breach of individual rights
      - the party who believes their rights have been infringed takes the case to court int he hope of recieving a remedy that will restore them
      - the most common type of civil remedy is a plaintiff being awarded a sum of money to compensate for their loss
      - types of civil cases include negligence breach of contract and defamation