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Civics and Citizenship
Key concepts
Westminster System – from the UK this is a parliament of two chambers elected by the people to make laws. Elections are free and fair. The sovereign (king and queen) is the head of state
Democracy – people choose their leaders (demos = people, cracy = rule)
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Justice – treatment in a fair and balanced manner (legal system: fair trials, laws and unbiased juries)
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Participation – people take part to keep our democracy strong (protest, vote)
Representative Democracy – we elect representatives (reps) to make laws for us. Voting is compulsory (have to do it) in Australia
Democratic Values – respect, equality, fairness and freedom
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Court System
The courts in order
- Federal court - high
- Supreme court of appeal
- Supreme court (general division)
- District court
- Magistrates court and family court
Amounts of money that can be ruled Magistrates court - does not exceed $75 000
Districts court - only amounts of money up to $750 000
Supreme court (general division) - cases that involving over $750 000 or serious
Meanings Precedent - is a decision or legal principle made by a judge – ruling the law does not cover this case
Statutory interpretation - when a judge is called to resolve a dispute in which there is existing legislation (or parliamentary law) but the wording of the legislation is unclear, and needs to be interpreted or given meaning by the judge before it can be applied to resolve the case at hand
Political Parties
Liberal
Their aim
- Less government involvement
- Back small business
- Support for families
Their belief
- Individual power
Labour
Their aim
- Better health care
- Everyone gets the same opportunities
- More government involvement
Their belief
- Equality
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Two types of common law
Precedent - is a decision or legal principle made by a judge ( ruling the law does not cover this case )
Statutory interpolation - when a judge is called to resolve a dispute in which there is existing legislation (or parliamentary law) but the wording of the legislation is unclear, and needs to be interpreted or given meaning by the judge before it can be applied to resolve the case at hand
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