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Respiratory Emergencies - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory Emergencies
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Pleural Effusion
-Collection of fluid outside the lung
-Compresses lung & causes dyspnea
-Can stem from irritation/infection/CHF/cancer
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Pulmonary Embolism
-Blood clot that circulates through the venous system: Circulation cut off partially or completely, significantly decreases blood flow, if large enough can cause death
-Signs & Symptoms: dyspnea/tachycardia/tachypnea/hypoxia/cyanosis/acute chest pain/hemopathy
Treatment
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If hemoptysis is present, clear airway immediately.
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Tracheostomy
-Can become obstructed by secretions/mucus/or foreign bodies
-Bleeding/leaking/dislodgement/infection
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Asthma
-Common childhood illness
-Look for retractions of the skin above sternum and between ribs
-Cough is not always a symptom of a cold; can be pneumonia/asthma
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Cystic Fibrosis
-Genetic disorder that affects lungs & digestive system
-Disrupts normal functions of cells that make up sweat glands
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Spontaneous Pneumothorax
-Accumulation of air in pleural space
-Often caused by trauma
-May be caused by medical conditions: Spontaneous Pneumothorax
-Occurs with lung infections or in weak lungs
-Pt becomes dyspneic
-Breath sounds may be absent on affected side
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Foreign Body Aspiration
-Common in young children
-If evidence in young child, especially in crawling babies, consider that child have swallowed a small object
-Sign in child may be an abnormality in the voice
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Hyperventilation
-Over breathing to point that arterial carbon dioxide falls below normal
-Indicator of life threatening illness
-body may be trying to compensate for acidosis
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Acute Pulmonary Edema
-Heart muscle can't circulate blood properly
-Fluid builds up within alveoli & in lung tissue
-Referred to as pulmonary edema
-Usually result of CHF
-Most pts have a long-standing history of chronic CHF
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