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Unit 1: Energy & Its transformation BY: JULIETTE STOIA - Coggle…
Unit 1: Energy & Its transformation
BY: JULIETTE STOIA
Energy Transformation
Definition:
the process of changing energy one form to another
Example:
an electric fan transforms electrical energy into kinetic energy
Energy
Definition:
Energy is a property of matter, and it comes in many forms
Examples:
Heat, sound, light, and motion
Types:
Potential energy
Definition:
Stored energy
Example:
A ball siting on the ground still waiting to be hit
Types:
Elastic Potential
Example:
Stored in the compression or stretched of elastic materials
Definition:
Stored in the compression or stretched of elastic materials
Gravitational potential
Example:
The potential energy of the ball can quickly be converted back to kinetic energy when the ball rolls back downhill.
Definition:
Potential to release its stored energy due to gravity
Kinetic Energy
Example:
A ball in movement
Definition:
The energy of motion
Types:
Mechanical energy
Definition:
Moving objects
Example:
a moving car possesses mechanical energy due to its motion (Kinetic energy) and a barbell lifted high above a weightlifter's head possesses mechanical energy due to its vertical position above the ground(Potential energy)
Energy conservation
Definition:
the principal by which the total energy remains constant in a system that is not subject to external influence
Example:
when a pendulum swings upward, kinetic energy is converted to potential energy
Sublimation
Definition:
under extreme conditions solids can change directly to vapors this is called sublimation
Example:
Solid to Gas
Evaporation
Definition:
when liquid turns to vapor
Example:
Water turns to water vapor
Condensation
Definition:
when vapor turns into liquid
Example:
water vapor turns back into water
Freezing point
Definition:
The temperature at which a liquid freezes
Example:
0.0 when water freezes
Melting point
Definition:
the temperature at which a solid melts
Example:
0.0 is when the solid melts
Boiling point
Example:
100.0 is when the water starts to boil
Definition:
the temperature at which a liquid boils
Phase change
Example:
Liquid to Solid
Definition:
a state is not permanent changes in pressure and temperature alter matter- these are described as phase changes
Celsius
Example:
100 0c = 212 0f
Defintion:
the metric scale
Liquid
Example:
water
Definition:
free flowing and assumed the shape of the container that holds them
Gas
Definition:
if you pop a ballon with gas, the gas will fill the room when it is pooped in
Example:
dont have a fixed volume or shape the shape and volume depends on its container and unlike the liquids it will fill any container you place it in
Solid
Definition:
A solid has a defined shape and volume
Example:
an example is ice, wood, or metal
Plasma
Example:
neon signs
Definition:
at the very high temperature of stars, atoms lose their electrons and nuclei that results is the plasma state of matter
Heat Transfer
Convection
Defintion:
the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids such as air or water
Example:
the warm air from a heater rises cools down then sinks back down to the floor
Radiation
Defintion:
the transfer of heat through electromagnetic rays
Example:
touching a hot stove with your hand
Definition:
discipline of thermal engineering that concerns the generation, use, conversion, and exchange of thermal energy between physical systems.
Conduction
Definition:
the transfer of heat from a warmer object to a cooler object through direct contact
Example:
the sun heating the earth or the warmth you feel when you sit next to a fire
Example:
three kinds of heat transfer conduction, convection, and radiation
Thermal equilibrium
Example:
Gas and liquid are both at 100 degrees ferenhight
Definition:
when the two amounts of heat are at the same temperature
Thermal energy
Definition:
total amount of kinetic and potential energies in the molecules of a substance
Example:
conduction, convection, and radiation