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Diversity under unity is the most beneficial in Eurasia society - Coggle…
Diversity under unity is the most beneficial in Eurasia society
Unity without diversity [Pro]
Due to this factor, these countries can have great improvements or changes in short period of time.
History example: In Ming China, Hongwu Emperor reconstructed the country in a short period of time after he unified the nation. He reestablished the Confucian schools, reorganized administrative rules, tax collection and so on. The nation finally started to go upwards instead of being stagnated.
Thus, in these cases, the more unified the institution is, the more power these elites own. They can use this power to do whatever they want to, whether is to make new constructions or change the policy.
History example: Zhu Yuanzhang also ordered Zheng He to sail overseas and trade commodities.This improved the country's economy and widened the country's international fame.
Government in an extractive institution typically exist in centralized form. Elites on the top of the social pyramid are generally viewed as the most authoritative figures.
Unity is helpful in extractive institution because it increases the efficiency of carrying out of a task or plan ordered by the ruler.
Unity without diversity [Con]
History example: Emperor of the Ming dynasty was very sensitive and suspicious of others' attempts to usurp his throne. He killed lots of officials arbitrarily. He also lost the enthusiasm for maritime trade because he was worried about dangers overseas.These wavered many talented people’s determination to serve the emperor and country. Also stagnated China’s economy and awareness over the overseas country’s development.
In a unified society without much diversity, the country’s destiny is too easily controlled and managed by the ruler.
Diversity under unity [Pro]
Being accommodating to differences among culture and ideologies can eliminate internal conflicts within the society and even consolidate peace in the nation.
In an extractive institution, centralized power is a crucial element. In Ming China's example, Hongwu Emperor's wrong decisions had large relations to his suspicion over people and ideologies that did not follow him, which was one of the reasons that the Ming dynasty was going downwards again.
Zhu Yuanzhang saw supreme authority as the tool to fortify his rule, whereas in the Ottoman Empire diversity was the promoter of unity and stability.
Ottoman empire was skilled at working with those who held different religious belief. And it offered genuine opportunities for other to exercise power and gain wealth.
This harmonious environment won't create anxiety as much as Ming created for Hongwu. The decisions made by rulers are also not that easily to be affected by those concerns.
Similar thing happened in Medina, when Muhammad gained control over that place. He didn't force everyone to convert into Muslim, he made a pact with them and allowed the diversity of religious beliefs. Stabilizing the region and allowed diverse religion to prosper.
Diversity [Con]
Diversity is beneficial in cases that different subjects coexist successfully. However, it could raise conflicts and even injuries if a compromise can not be made
After the death of Muhammad, two groups of people were divided based on their different belief over the "righteous" ruler. Non of them was willing to concede, and so this is how Sunnis and Shi'as became opponent. These two groups then became very hostile to each other even though they originated from the same place.(I'm being brief here in the mind map but will be more specific when writing the essay)
Taliban was a fierce branch divided off from the mainstream. And their brutality can sometimes lead to damages.
This proves that diversity without a strong united force sometimes will also cause problems.
Extractive institution definition: elites are on the top of the social pyramid and are served by people; people don't have much saying in governing.