SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (15TH - 17TH CENTURY)
Period Of Enlightenment
⭐ The development in the fields of mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature
Birth of Modern Science
⭐ As a discipline
Golden Age of People
⭐ That committed to scholarly life in science
Rethink
⭐ Reflect
⭐ Reexamine
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⭐ Creativity
⭐ Critical Thinking
⭐ Curiosity
⭐ Scientist (Passion to know & Passion to discover)
⭐ Three Ideas by the Scientist
⭐ Science Discoveries
⭐ Technology
⭐ Science Ideas
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Philosophers
Claudius Ptolemaus
Nicolaus Copernicus
Charles Darwin
Sigmund Freud
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⭐ He proposes that the heavenly bodies revolved in perfect circles around the earth
⭐ He proposes the Geocentric Model
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⭐ In 1510, he circulated the copy of his manuscript called
" Commentarius"
⭐ A canon at Frombork Cathedral in Polland who has great interest in Astronomy
⭐ Orbits of the Mars, Saturn, Jupiter lay outside the earth's
⭐ He believed that " the sun is the center of the universe" (Heliocentric Model)
⭐ Orbits of Venus and Mercury lay inside the orbit of the Earth, closer to the sun
⭐ The publication of his book " DE Revolution Orbium Coelestium ( On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Sphres) is cited as the heart of Scientific revolution
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⭐ He joined the 5-year voyage through HMS Beagle on the Galapagos Island
⭐ He published the book "The Origin of the Species" which is on of the important works in the scientific literature
⭐ He changed the concept of world's creation and it's evolution
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⭐ Presented how species evolved over time an presented traits and adaptation that differentiate species
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⭐ A scientific method to study the human mind and neurotic illness
⭐ He focused on human sexuality and the evil nature of man
⭐ He was known for this method of Psychoanalysis
⭐ The aim of psychoanalysis is to release repressed emotions and experiences
Middle East
⭐ Muhammad ibn Musa alKhwarizmi (Gave the name algorithm and algebra)
⭐ Ibn SIna (pioneered science of experimental medicine and conducted the first clinical trials
⭐ Ibn al- Haytham (Father of Optics; established an empirical proof of the intromission theory of light)
⭐ Muslim placed greater value on science experiments
Africa
⭐ Development of geometry was a product of necessity to preserve the layout and ownership of farmlands along Nile River
⭐ Center of Alchemy(medieval forerunner of chemistry
⭐ Early science activities were developed to improve the quality of life especially in building homes and dams
Development of Science in MesoAmerica
Maya Civilization
INCA Civilization
AZTEC Civilization
⭐ Pyramid of Chichen Itza is situated at the location of the sum during equinoxes
⭐ Predict eclipses and used astrological cycles in planting
⭐ They incorporated their understanding of astronomy into their temples and religious structures
⭐ Measure time using complicated calendar system
⭐ Known for astronomy
⭐ Used mica to devise glittery paint
⭐ Calendar with 12 months to mark their religious festivals and prepare them for planting seasons
⭐ First suspension bridge
⭐ Irrigation system and water storage system
⭐ Quipu, system of knotted ropes
⭐ Stone buildings and roads paved with stones
⭐ Textiles
⭐ Antispamodic medication
⭐ Chinampa (technology for agricultural farming; land is divided into rectangular areas surrounded by canals)
⭐ Developed chocolates from cacao; Value cacao highly and made its as part of their tribute to gods
⭐ Aztec Calendar
⭐ Mandatory Education
⭐ Invention of canoe (narrow boat used for travelling in water system
Indian Civilization
China
Asian Civilization
⭐ Ayurveda (system of traditional medicine)
⭐ Susruta Samhita ancient text describing different surgical problems
⭐ Known for manufacturing iron steel
⭐ Developed theories on the configuration of the universe
⭐ Developed compass, paper making, gunpowder, printing tools, iron plow, wheelbarrow, prepellers
⭐ Invented the first seismology detector
⭐ Known for traditional medicines and medical practices such as acupuncture
⭐ Mohenjodaro (a ruler to standardize measurement
⭐ Explained the use of zero and the Hindu-Arabic numeral system
⭐ One of the first people to produce rubber products
⭐ First civilizations to use a writing system - Mayan Hieroglyphics
⭐ Created a number system based on numeral 20