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COPD - Coggle Diagram
COPD
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Treatment
vaccines (flu, pneumococcal)
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avoidance of irritants (smoking pollution, cold air)
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Risk factors
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genetic (AAT deficiency, rare)
Cause
emphysema: caused by gradual breakdown of elastic tissues of lungs, leads to breakdown of alveolar walls ultimately increasing TLC but decreasing the amount of tissue that can preform gas exchange and decreasing lung elasticity
Chronic bronchitis: Chronic airway obstruction caused by fibrosis, overproduction of mucus, chronic inflammation. Caused by chronic irritation of mucosal lining (usually smoking)
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diagnosis
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pulmonary function studies (spirometry, FEV ect.) increased expiratory time is an important marker.