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Biomes, Kaitlyn, Thy, Anthony - Coggle Diagram
Biomes
Aquatic Biomes
Coral Reef
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Abiotic factors
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Distinguishing Factors
Coral reefs are shallow-ocean habitats that are filled with sea life. The massive structure that the coral reef is comprised of is actually built out of coral polyps, which are small marine animals that thrive in colonies.
Keystone species: Coral
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Estuaries
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Abiotic factors
Meteorology:
Average temperature is13-17 degrees celsius
Rainfall:Receives little precipitation throughout the year.
Sometimes<50mm and<375mmThe average ranges from 100mm-175mm.
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Distinguishing Factors:
An example of a pioneer species in this biome are salt marshes.
Oysters are a keystone species in this biome.
Some apex predators that live in the estuary biome are dolphins, sea lions and fur seals
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Pictures
Chesapeake Bay
Estuary Mussel
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Lakes
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Abiotic factors
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Distinguishing Factors
Some keystone species of the Great Lakes include cisco, sculpin and non-native rainbow smelt.
An apex predator in likes would be species like the European catfish.
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PIctures
Lake Tahoe
Lake Sunfish
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Wetlands
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Abiotic factors
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Distinguishing Factors
They are neither totally dry land nor totally underwater; they have characteristics of both. Watery soil. The saturation of wetland soil determines the vegetation that surrounds it.
Keystone species: castor canadensis
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Benthic Zone
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Abiotic factors
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Distinguishing Factors
The lowest level of a marine or freshwater system and includes the sediment surface.
Keystone species: Sea otter.
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Intertidal Zone
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Abiotic factors
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Distinguishing Factors
submerged with water during high tide and exposed to the air during low tide. The zone can take many forms, from sandy beaches to rocky cliffs
Keystone species: Pisater Ochraceus sea star
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Rivers
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Abiotic factors
Meteorology: 0 to 30°C and rainfall levels vary extensively because of the geographical locations of rivers. In rivers near the tropical rainforest they get from 500-2600 mm of rainfall/year.
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Distinguishing Factors: Pioneer species- Woody Riparian Vegetation, Keystone species- Beaver, and Apex predator- Wels Catfish
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Mangroves
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Abiotic factors
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Distinguishing Factors: Pioneer species- Avicennia, Keystone species- Mud crabs, Apex predator- Bengal tigers
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Pictures
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Australian Mangroves:
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Terrestrial Biomes
Boreal Forest
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Abiotic factors
Meteorology
Average temperature is -7 degrees celsius-21 degrees celsius
Rainfall: 500-1000mm of rain per yea
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Distinguishing Factors
Boreal forests are the worlds largest intact forest ecosystem representing 25% of the worlds remaining forests.
Some pioneer plants from the boreal forest are liverworts and mosses.
Some apex predators of the Boreal Forest are grizzly bears and gray wolves.
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PIctures
Boreal Forest
Copper Plateau
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Temperate Forest
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Abiotic factors
Meteorology:
Average temperature is 10-21 degrees celsius Rainfall:
750-1,500mm of rain per year
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Distinguishing Factors:
Temperate forests are those in regions that are neither too hot or too cold.
Temperate forest apex predators are black bears, wolves and eagles.
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Pictures
Magellanic temperate rainforest
Temperate forest Fox
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Tundra
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Abiotic factors
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Distinguishing Factors: Pioneer species- Lichen, Keystone species- Arctic fox, and Apex predator- Snow Leopards
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Pictures
Canadian Tundra
Russian Tundra
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Tropical Savanna
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Abiotic factors
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Distinguishing Factors: Pioneer species- Bermuda Grass Keystone species- Elephants Apex predator- Lion
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Pictures
South African Savanna
Venezuelan Savanna
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Tropical Rainforest
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Abiotic Factors
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Distinguishing Factors
very high annual rainfall, high average temperatures, nutrient-poor soil, and high levels of biodiversity
Keystone species: Agouti
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Temperate Grassland
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Abiotic factors
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Distinguishing Factors: Pioneer species- Lichens, Keystone species- Prairie dogs, and Apex predator- Wolves
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Pictures
Argentinian Grassland:
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Desert
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Abiotic factors
Meteorology: Average temperature is ~38 degrees Celsius. Rainfall: 250 mm per year, <300 mm a year
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Distinguishing Factors
Some pioneer species in the northern Mojave Desert are Acamtopappus schocley Gray, Lepidium fremontii Wats.
An apex predator in the desert is a coyote and a red-tailed hawk.
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