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Water : - Coggle Diagram
Water :
Water in the World
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Water scarcity
Countries with economic water scarcity include Peru, Bolivia, parts of India, Kenya, Somalia, Bangladesh, central African countries
Countries with physical water scarcity include Egypt, parts of Mexico, part of the USA, Victoria and New South Wales in Australia, Morocco, Tunisia and parts of Indi
Accessibility of water
We are surrounded by water in the World, but there is still a problem
Out of all the water in the World, only 2.5% is freshwater. Out of that, only 1% is actually easily accessible, Out of that, only 1% is accessible in plants. 62% is in lakes, but not everyone lives near a lake
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Case Studies
The Kieldner Reservioir
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Multipurpose - HEP, leisure activities
China SNWTP
Northern China is an area of water insecurity. This is because its dry climate causes a limited supply of water, but its large population, agriculture and industry mean that demand for water is high.
A network of tunnels and canals designed to transfer 44.8 billion cubic metres for the humid south to the arid north of the country.
Advantages
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Industry uses large amounts of water. Increasing water supply supports China's economic development and gener
Increasing water supply allows more crops to be grown for food, because agriculture uses large amounts of water for irrigation
This water transfer project is expected to reach its capacity by 2050, when it will be able to transfer 44.8 billion cubic meters of water per year.
Disadvantages
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Communities have been displaced (435,000 people); natural habitats damaged; farmland destroyed
People in rural areas will have little or no access; low-income people in urban areas may not be able to afford it
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Only a short-term plan: a long-term, more sustainable recycling approach is required as the south could soon run out
Involves 3,000 km of tunnels and canals; 70% of water in China is from the SNWTP; 2/3 routes built fully
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