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Issues and debates - Coggle Diagram
Issues and debates
Gender bias
Alpha bias
Assuming that female psychology is different to male but looking negatively or pathologising female psychology.Exagerates differences between male and females.E.g.Freud.
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Reductionism vs holism
Reductionism
Belief that human behaviour can be explained by breaking down behaviour into small constituent parts. If something is left out the theory is incomplete not reductionist!
Based on scientific principle of parsimony-all phenomena should be explaining using the most basic,lowest levels and simplest principles (e.g. behaviour of individual cells.)
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Biological reductionism
When behaviour is reduced to the neurons, neurotrsnsmitters, hormones,brain structure,etc.Successfully applied to the explantion and treatment of mental illness.
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Holism
The idea that human behaviour should be viewed as a whole integrated experience, and not as separate parts.
Gestalt claimed that 'whole is greater than the sum of its parts'. Breaking up behaviour and experience is inappropriate as these can only be understood by analysing the person or behaviour as a whole.Shared by humanistic approach.
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Nature-nurture debate
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Interactionism
Two way process
e.g attachment:1.The child's innate temperament influences how the parent behaves towards them.2.The parent's responses in turn affect the child's behaviour.
Diathesis-stress model: Suggests mental disorder is caused by a biological vulnerability (diathesis) which is only expressed when coupled with an environmental trigger:e.g schizophrenia:Tinari et al. finnish adoptees
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